{"id":94548,"date":"2024-01-04T10:51:24","date_gmt":"2024-01-04T15:51:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/learn\/german-ch\/"},"modified":"2025-04-02T03:41:18","modified_gmt":"2025-04-02T07:41:18","slug":"german-ch","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/german-ch\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Pronounce the German Ch"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Critical as it is, the German <em>ch<\/em> sound can be a tough one for language learners to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/how-to-pronounce-german-words\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">master pronunciation<\/a> of. That\u2019s because the way you say <em>ch<\/em> is largely based on the letters that surround it.<\/p>\n<p>The two primary methods of pronouncing <em>ch<\/em> are known as \u201csoft <em>ch<\/em>\u201d and \u201chard <em>ch<\/em>.\u201d Here\u2019s a quick guide on how both of them work.<\/p>\n<p>[fluentu-toc]<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>How to Pronounce the Soft <em>Ch<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>As you might guess from the name, the soft <em>ch<\/em> is the gentler of the two pronunciations. It\u2019s also known as the <strong>front <em>ch<\/em><\/strong>, because when you pronounce it, the sound is primarily focused on the front parts of your mouth.<\/p>\n<p>You\u2019ll use and hear the soft <em>ch<\/em> when <strong><em>ch<\/em> follows the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/german-vowels\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">German vowels<\/a> <em>i<\/em>,<em> e<\/em>, <em>\u00f6<\/em>, <em>\u00e4<\/em>, <em>\u00fc<\/em> or <em>eu<\/em><\/strong>, or <strong>when <em>ch<\/em> follows any consonant (including <em>\u00df<\/em>) except <em>s<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>In linguistic terms, the soft <em>ch<\/em> is a <strong>voiceless palatal fricative<\/strong>. Palatal means that, when pronouncing the sound, your tongue should be making some contact with the top of your mouth. Fricative means that you\u2019re going to make a narrow \u201ctunnel\u201d of air in your mouth (between your palate and tongue) as you pronounce. Voiceless means that you won\u2019t be using your vocal cords.<\/p>\n<p>But how do you make the sound? It&#8217;s very similar to the <em>h-<\/em> sound we make in the English word &#8220;huge.&#8221; Almost like imitating a cat hissing!\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Try out these words that use the soft <em>ch<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Ich<\/em> \u2013 I<\/li>\n<li><em>Milch<\/em> \u2013 milk<\/li>\n<li><em>B\u00fccher<\/em> \u2013 books<\/li>\n<li><em>sprechen<\/em> \u2013 to speak<\/li>\n<li><em>vielleicht<\/em> \u2013 maybe<\/li>\n<li><em>M\u00e4dchen<\/em> \u2013 maiden, girl<\/li>\n<li><em>gleich<\/em> \u2013 same<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Remember, in the standard German dialect, that the soft <em>ch <\/em>is not a shushing <em>sh<\/em>\u00a0sound! You only pronounce\u00a0<em>ch<\/em> that way\u00a0when it comes right after <em>s<\/em>, so <em>sch. <\/em>An example is the word <em>Schokolade<\/em>\u00a0(chocolate).<\/p>\n<p>However in some regions, such as the Rhineland, the soft <em>ch<\/em> is often pronounced as <em>sh<\/em>. And in truth, you would probably be understood most times if you were to use <em>sh<\/em> for soft <em>ch<\/em>. But I recommend you get a handle on the standard dialect version first, and you can delve into <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/different-types-of-german\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">regional dialects<\/a> later.<\/p>\n<h2>How to Pronounce the Hard <em>Ch<\/em><\/h2>\n<p>The hard <em>ch<\/em> is used when <strong><em>ch<\/em> comes after <em>a<\/em>, <em>o<\/em>, <em>u<\/em> or <em>au<\/em><\/strong> (also known as the \u201cdark vowels\u201d), and <strong>also when <em>s<\/em> comes directly after <em>ch<\/em> in a single-syllable word.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>In linguistic terms, the hard <em>ch<\/em> is a <strong>voiceless uvular (velar) fricative<\/strong>. Again, you won\u2019t be using your vocal cords, and your tongue should be making contact with the top of your mouth. Uvular means that the back of your tongue will be moving and going near the uvula (the pink, punching bag blob at the back of your throat).<\/p>\n<p>The pronunciation is guttural and harsh. More articulation is used from the back of the throat\u2013imagine that you were clearing it. The front of your tongue would typically be in a \u201cfloating\u201d position just behind your front teeth. Because of how it\u2019s pronounced, the hard <em>ch<\/em> is also known as <strong>back <em>ch<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The hard <em>ch<\/em> is sometimes compared to the English <em>kh<\/em> sound, but again, the <em>ch<\/em> is hissier and you\u2019re not sharply enunciating the <em>c<\/em> sound. A close equivalent would be the <em>ch<\/em> found in the Scottish word \u201cloch,\u201d which is a term for a body of water.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>However, if there&#8217;s a single <em>s<\/em> after the <em>ch<\/em>, then it sounds much more like a <em>k<\/em>. You&#8217;ll notice this in the two last examples from the list below.<\/p>\n<p>Here are a few words that utilize the hard <em>ch<\/em>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>nach<\/em> \u2013 after<\/li>\n<li><em>Tochter<\/em> \u2013 daughter<\/li>\n<li><em>Buch<\/em> \u2013 book<\/li>\n<li><em>Rauch<\/em> \u2013 smoke<\/li>\n<li><em>lachen<\/em> \u2013 to laugh<\/li>\n<li><em>Bach<\/em> \u2013 brook<\/li>\n<li><em>sechs<\/em> \u2013 six<\/li>\n<li><em>Fuchs<\/em> \u2013 fox<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>When <em>Ch<\/em> Is at the Beginning of the Word<\/h2>\n<p>You may have noticed that in most instances, <em>ch<\/em> appears in the middle or end of a word. What about when it\u2019s the very start of a word?<\/p>\n<p>Not many native German words actually start with <em>ch<\/em>. Usually, the words that do tend to come from other languages. The pronunciation depends on what follows directly after <em>ch<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>If <em>ch<\/em> is followed by <em>a<\/em>, <em>o<\/em>, <em>r<\/em> or <em>l<\/em>, a hard <em>k<\/em> sound (not to be confused with hard <em>ch<\/em>) is typically used, such as in these words:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Charakter<\/em> \u2013 character<\/li>\n<li><em>Chronik<\/em> \u2013 chronic<\/li>\n<li><em>Chor<\/em> \u2013 choir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>If <em>ch<\/em> is followed by <em>e<\/em> or <em>i<\/em>, then the soft <em>ch<\/em> is typically used.\u00a0<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Chemie<\/em> \u2013 chemistry<\/li>\n<li><em>China<\/em> \u2013 China<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Although it is very common to hear the above two also pronounced with\u00a0<em>sh-\u00a0<\/em>or even <em>-k<\/em> sounds at the beginning, depending on the region. So &#8220;shee-nah&#8221; or &#8220;kee-na&#8221; for <em>China<\/em>.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>Moreover, a few select loanwords can retain pronunciations in German that are close to their native ones. For example, the word <em>Chef<\/em> is derived from French, and in both French and German it\u2019s pronounced <em>scheff<\/em><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.<\/span><\/i><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Another way to practice the tricky German sounds is with a language program such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/german\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FluentU<\/a>. <p><strong>FluentU<\/strong> takes authentic videos\u2014like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks\u2014and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p>You can try FluentU for free for 2 weeks. Check out the website or download <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/fluentu-learn-language-videos\/id917892175\">the iOS app<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.fluentflix.fluentu&amp;hl=en&amp;gl=US\">Android app.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><i><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">P.S. Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)<\/a><\/i>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\r\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/NativeAd-German.jpg\" alt=\"FluentU Ad\" \/>\r\n  <p style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n    <button class=\"btn-blue\" style=\"border: none;font-size: 18px;text-align: center;padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;cursor: pointer\">\r\n      Try FluentU for FREE!\r\n    <\/button>\r\n  <\/p>\r\n<\/a>\r\n<\/p>\n<p>As one of the most unique aspects of German pronunciation, the German ch is something you should start practicing ASAP!<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>And One More Thing...<\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\nWant to know the key to learning German effectively?\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nIt's using the right content and tools, <strong><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">like FluentU has to offer<\/a><\/strong>! Browse hundreds of videos, take endless quizzes and master the German language faster than you've ever imagine! \r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2005\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-5.jpg\" alt=\"learn-german-with-videos\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nWatching a fun video, but having trouble understanding it? <strong>FluentU brings native videos within reach with interactive subtitles.<\/strong>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2006\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-2.jpg\" alt=\"learn-german-with-interactive-videos\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nYou can tap on any word to look it up instantly. Every definition has examples that have been written to help you understand how the word is used. If you see an interesting word you don't know, you can add it to a vocabulary list.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2007\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-6.jpg\" alt=\"learn-conversational-german-with-subtitled-dialogue\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nAnd FluentU isn't just for watching videos. It's a complete platform for learning. It's designed to effectively teach you all the vocabulary from any video. Swipe left or right to see more examples of the word you're on.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2008\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-7.png\" alt=\"practice-german-with-adaptive-quizzes\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you're learning, and gives you extra practice with difficult words. It'll even remind you when it\u2019s time to review what you\u2019ve learned.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nStart using the FluentU website on your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU app from the iTunes or Google Play store. <a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)<\/a>\r\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Critical as it is, the German ch sound can be a tough one for language learners to master pronunciation of. That\u2019s because the way you say ch is largely based&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":413,"featured_media":248965,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"How to Pronounce the German Ch | FluentU German Blog","description":"The German \"ch\" sound can be tricky for non-native speakers to get right. Check out our tips on how to pronounce this sound in all its variations: the soft \"ch,\" the hard \"ch\" and more. Plus, we give word examples for each one, along with how to pronounce them correctly."},"footnotes":""},"categories":[525,538],"tags":[],"coauthors":[185],"class_list":["post-94548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-german","category-speaking-and-listening"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/413"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=94548"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":253436,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/94548\/revisions\/253436"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/248965"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=94548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=94548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=94548"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=94548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}