{"id":93944,"date":"2023-05-30T07:25:57","date_gmt":"2023-05-30T11:25:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/learn\/german-punctuation\/"},"modified":"2025-02-26T04:41:52","modified_gmt":"2025-02-26T09:41:52","slug":"german-punctuation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/german-punctuation\/","title":{"rendered":"German Punctuation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Just like in your native language, you&#8217;ll need proper German punctuation to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/how-to-write-an-email-in-german\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">write anything from emails<\/a> to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/how-to-write-an-essay-in-german\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">essays<\/a> without driving your reader crazy.<\/p>\n<p>Luckily, German punctuation marks are practically identical to ones found across other Western languages, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/similarities-between-german-and-english\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">especially English<\/a>. <em>Der punkt <\/em>(the period) and <em>das Komma <\/em>(the comma) are just two of the most common punctuation marks in German.<\/p>\n<p>There are just a handful of important differences, which we&#8217;ll teach you in this post to make you a German punctuation pro in no time.<\/p>\n<p>[fluentu-toc]<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>Similarities Between English and German Punctuation<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\n<table id=\"tablepress-975555\" class=\"tablepress tablepress-id-975555\">\n<tbody class=\"row-striping row-hover\">\n<tr class=\"row-1\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><em>der Punkt<\/em><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">period<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><strong>.<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-2\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><em>das Komma<\/em><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">comma<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><strong>,<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-3\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><em>das Fragezeichen<\/em><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">question mark<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><strong>?<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-4\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><em>das Ausrufezeichen<\/em><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">exclamation point<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><strong>!<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-5\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><em>der Doppelpunkt<\/em><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">colon<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><strong>:<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-6\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><em>das Semikolon<\/em><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">semicolon<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><strong>;<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"row-7\">\n\t<td class=\"column-1\"><em>der Apostroph<\/em><\/td><td class=\"column-2\">apostrophe<\/td><td class=\"column-3\"><strong>'<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Before stressing out about not <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/how-to-write-in-german\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">being able to write in German<\/a>, take a look at <strong>what you already know<\/strong>! The <em>Apostroph<\/em>, <em>Komma<\/em>, <em>Semikolon<\/em>\u00a0(apostrophe, comma, semicolon) and other punctuation marks are just some similarities that you may already <strong>recognize from the names alone<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Even the <strong>punctuation usage is the same as in English in many cases<\/strong>. Our trusty <em>Punkt<\/em> (period) also serves to end sentences in German, items in lists are still separated with the <em>Komma<\/em> (comma) and questions are designated with a <em>Fragezeichen<\/em> (question mark) at the end.<\/p>\n<p>That said, there are several unique functions that I&#8217;ll get into below.<\/p>\n<h2>1. Perfecting the Period<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Periods get a lot more use in German than in English<\/strong>, where the mark is typically just used to end sentences. As you can see in the example below, this little dot indicates ordinal numbers, tells time and substitutes the comma in numbers past the hundreds.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Am 9. November 1989 um 23.30 Uhr fiel die Berliner Mauer. <\/em>(On the 9th of November 1989, at 11:30 p.m., the Berlin Wall fell.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Here&#8217;s how to use the period in those varied settings.<\/p>\n<h3>Periods in Ordinal Numbers and Dates<\/h3>\n<p>Ordinal numbers are numbers that show order, such as &#8220;1st&#8221; or &#8220;3rd.&#8221; In written German, <strong>a period follows the digit to turn it into an ordinal number<\/strong>. Ordinal numbers are widely seen in dates, as in the examples below:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Weihnachten ist am 25. Dezember.\u00a0<\/em>(Christmas is on the 25th of December.)<\/li>\n<li><em>Ich habe am 16. Geburtstag.\u00a0<\/em>(My birthday is on the 16th.)<\/li>\n<li>29.9.1996 (September 29th, 1996)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Attention, Americans! In Germany, dates are written out in the European style, as <strong>day.month.year<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3>Periods for Telling Time<\/h3>\n<p>Periods are occasionally used to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/how-to-tell-time-in-german\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">tell time\u00a0in German<\/a>. Up until the mid-1990s, using a period to separate time was standard in Germany, until this <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cl.cam.ac.uk\/~mgk25\/iso-time.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">later changed to a standard colon<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>Both a colon (as in English) and <strong>periods are still used interchangeably to separate hour from minutes<\/strong>, so just know that either one goes!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>13.57 (1:57 p.m.)<\/li>\n<li>5.38 (5:38 a.m.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Remember that Germany uses the 24-hour clock (a.k.a. military time).<\/p>\n<h3>Periods in Large Numbers<\/h3>\n<p>If you&#8217;ve ever had much experience with German numbers, you may&#8217;ve noticed a peculiarity once numbers seep over the hundreds.<\/p>\n<p>Whereas you might commonly expect the number &#8220;one thousand twenty-eight&#8221; to be written as 1,028, <strong>in German the period swaps with the comma<\/strong>\u00a0and you get 1.028. The same switch takes place with the decimal point, which then becomes a comma as we&#8217;ll cover in the next section!<\/p>\n<h2>2. Conquering the Comma<\/h2>\n<p>Commas seem like a pretty straightforward tool, until you run into head scratching <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/learn-german-word-order\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">German word order<\/a>. The German <strong>comma must be used in relative clauses, in numbers and after subordinate clauses<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike English, where the comma is often a stylistic choice indicating a pause, these pesky commas are considered <strong>grammatically essential<\/strong> in relative and subordinate clauses, even if you wouldn&#8217;t naturally pause at that part of the sentence.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>What&#8217;s more, commas can also change the meaning of the sentence: if you&#8217;ve been lazy with your commas so far, the examples below may show you just how important the smallest details are. That tiny mark makes a difference between making sure everyone gets to the dinner table and everyone thinking you&#8217;re a cannibal.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Setz dich hin, wir essen, Fabian!<\/em> (Sit down, we&#8217;re eating, Fabian!) <br \/>\n\u2014 Fabian is late for dinner.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Setz dich hin, wir essen Fabian!<\/em> (Sit down, we&#8217;re eating Fabian!) <br \/>\n\u2014 Fabian should be worried.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The bright side is that there&#8217;s a method to the madness!<\/p>\n<h3>Commas in Relative Clauses<\/h3>\n<p>Relative clauses\u00a0describe a noun with an additional snippet of information.<\/p>\n<p>Having <strong>a comma before the relative clause<\/strong> indicates that you&#8217;re further describing that noun, rather than just continuing on with your sentence. Further, because <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/german-relative-pronouns\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">relative pronouns<\/a>\u00a0sometimes resemble articles (<em>der, die, das<\/em>) a comma helps differentiate the two.<\/p>\n<p>Here&#8217;s how to structure and punctuate sentences with relative clauses:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>First part of sentence ending with noun + comma + noun descriptor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Longer sentences may look like this:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><strong>First part of sentence ending with noun + comma + noun descriptor + comma + rest of sentence<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Here are some sentences to illustrate comma placement in relative clauses:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Ich habe einen Freund, der in Berlin wohnt. <\/em>(I have a friend who lives in Berlin.)<\/li>\n<li><em>Wir gehen regelm\u00e4\u00dfig\u00a0in die Kneipe, wo wir uns zum ersten Mal getroffen haben. <\/em>(We regularly go to the bar where we first met.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Commas Used as Decimal Points<\/h3>\n<p>As explained above with periods, punctuation used with numbers in German is switched from English. <strong>Commas after thousands places become periods, and decimal points are expressed with commas<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Mistaking one Euro and twenty-three cents for one thousand two hundred thirty Euros is kind of a big deal!<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1,00 (German) = 1.00 (English)<\/li>\n<li>1,23 (German) = 1.23 (English)<\/li>\n<li>1.230 (German) = 1,230 (English)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Commas in Subordinate Clauses<\/h3>\n<p>The comma plays an important role in subordinate clauses. In this case, <strong>the comma always comes before a subordinating conjunction<\/strong> like <em>ob<\/em> (whether),<em> bevor<\/em> (before),<em> bis<\/em> (until),<em> seit<\/em> (since) or <em>weil <\/em>(because).\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>These subordinate clauses can describe causation, as with <em>weil<\/em>\u00a0or <em>da- <\/em>(because), or conditions, like with <em>wenn\u00a0<\/em>(&#8220;when&#8221; used in the sense of &#8220;if&#8221;)\u00a0or <em>falls<\/em>\u00a0(if)<em>, <\/em>among other cases<em>.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>There are tons of subjunctive conjunctions that require a comma partner, but the best way to learn is to <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/german-subordinating-conjunctions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">memorize a few of the most used ones<\/a>. Here are a few useful subordinate clauses to get you started:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Ich bleibe heute zu Hause, weil ich lernen muss.\u00a0<\/em>(I&#8217;m staying at home today because I need to study.)\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Wir haben vier Hunde, obwohl ich allergisch bin.\u00a0<\/em>(We have four dogs, even though I&#8217;m allergic.)<\/li>\n<li><em>Nimm einen Regenschirm mit, falls es wieder regnet. <\/em>(Take an umbrella with you in case it rains again.)<\/li>\n<li><em>Als ich nach Hause gegangen bin, hat es geregnet.\u00a0<\/em>(As I walked home, it rained.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>You can take a closer look at how commas and other parts of German sentence structure work with the videos and transcripts on FluentU.<\/p>\n<p><strong>FluentU<\/strong> takes authentic videos\u2014like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks\u2014and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p>You can try FluentU for free for 2 weeks. Check out the website or download <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/fluentu-learn-language-videos\/id917892175\">the iOS app<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.fluentflix.fluentu&amp;hl=en&amp;gl=US\">Android app.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><i><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">P.S. Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)<\/a><\/i>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\r\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/NativeAd-German.jpg\" alt=\"FluentU Ad\" \/>\r\n  <p style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n    <button class=\"btn-blue\" style=\"border: none;font-size: 18px;text-align: center;padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;cursor: pointer\">\r\n      Try FluentU for FREE!\r\n    <\/button>\r\n  <\/p>\r\n<\/a>\r\n\n<h2>3. Appreciating the Apostrophe<\/h2>\n<p>Compared with other punctuation marks, the <em>Apostroph\u00a0<\/em>doesn&#8217;t make as big an appearance as our other contenders. However, there are still plenty of cases in which this little line pops up that you should know.<\/p>\n<h3>Apostrophes in Contractions<\/h3>\n<p>The first place <strong>apostrophes show up are <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/german\/german-contractions\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><strong>contractions<\/strong><\/a>, when two words are smushed together to make a conveniently shortened version with an apostrophe separating the two parts.<\/p>\n<p>German is known for having some of the longest words in the world, such as\u00a0<em>Geschwindigkeitsbegrenzung\u00a0<\/em>(speed limit)\u2014which, mind you, is actually short in the grand scheme of things. Contractions can therefore bring much wanted relief by shortening your sentences ever so slightly.<\/p>\n<p>Note that <strong>the apostrophe is not used in common contractions with an article and preposition<\/strong>, such as <em>am <\/em>(on\/at the), <em>aufs\u00a0<\/em>(on\/at the)\u00a0or <em>beim\u00a0<\/em>(by\/with the). However, an apostrophe is needed when contracting pronouns with\u00a0<em>es.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>A few common German contractions are:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Wie <strong>geht&#8217;s<\/strong>?\u00a0<\/em>(How&#8217;s it going?)<\/li>\n<li><em>Wie\u00a0<strong>war&#8217;s<\/strong>?\u00a0<\/em>(How was it?)<\/li>\n<li><em>Ku\u2019damm<\/em> = <em>Kurf\u00fcrstendamm<\/em> (a popular shopping street in Berlin)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Apostrophes in Possessives<\/h3>\n<p>In German, <strong>possessive names are built just with an\u00a0<em>s<\/em>\u00a0at the end, but\u00a0no\u00a0apostrophe<\/strong>! You do, however, need an apostrophe when the name already ends in <em>-s, -\u00df, -tz, -z, -x or -ce.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Monikas Ball\u00a0<\/em>is correct, but <em>Monika&#8217;s Ball<\/em> is not.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Matthias&#8217; Ball<\/em> is correct, because the name Matthias already ends with <em>s<\/em>.<\/li>\n<li><em>Marx&#8217; Philosophie <\/em>(Marx&#8217;s philosophy) also needs an apostrophe because the name ends in <em>-x<\/em>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. Questioning the Quotation Marks<\/h2>\n<p>For anyone who&#8217;s ever read speech in German books, you may&#8217;ve run into \u00bbthese quotation marks\u00ab or \u201ethis bizarre alternative.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Essentially,\u00a0German quotation marks\u00a0<strong>maintain the same function as quotation marks in English<\/strong>, which is to report direct speech within text or to highlight words, phrases or an excerpt from another text. They just <strong>look a little bit different<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>The\u00a0<i>G\u00e4nsef\u00fc\u00dfchen\u00a0<\/i>(literally &#8220;little geese feet&#8221;) are the inverted and upright 99-looking quotation marks: \u201e \u201c. For example, you might <a href=\"https:\/\/www.morgenpost.de\/berlin\/article208749165\/Eine-ausgezeichnete-Zeitung.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">see these in print news articles<\/a>. However, online writing in German may use the non-inverted quotation marks we&#8217;re used to.<\/p>\n<p>The double inward facing arrows \u00bb\u00ab are called <em>Chevrons<\/em> and serve the same purpose but are commonly used in literature and novels. Bookworms may recognize the quotes below from <a href=\"http:\/\/gutenberg.spiegel.de\/buch\/-6248\/69\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">&#8220;H\u00e4nsel und Gretel.&#8221;<\/a><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><i>\u201eH\u00e4nsel tr\u00f6stete die Gretel und sagte: \u201eWarte, wenn der Mond geht auf, dann sehe ich die Br\u00f6cklein Brot, das ich ausgestreut habe&#8230;&#8221; <\/i>(Hansel comforted Gretel and said: &#8220;Wait, when the moon rises, then I&#8217;ll be able to see the bits of bread that I scattered&#8230;&#8221;<\/li>\n<li><em>\u00bbDumme Gans\u00ab, sagte die Alte, \u00bbdie \u00d6ffnung ist gro\u00df genug, siehst du wohl, ich k\u00f6nnte selbst hinein.\u00ab<\/em> (&#8220;Silly goose,&#8221; said the old woman, &#8220;the opening is big enough, take a look, I could even go in myself.&#8221;)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>One quirk of reporting speech in German:<\/strong> when the speaker is introduced first, a colon comes before the speech. But if the speaker is mentioned in between or after the speech, a comma is used.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Peter sagt:\u00a0<i>\u201eIch bin den ganzen Tag herumgelaufen.&#8221;\u00a0<\/i>(Peter says, &#8220;I have been running around all day.&#8221; )<\/li>\n<li><i>\u201eWas machst du da?\u201c, fragt Maria.\u00a0<\/i>(&#8220;What are you doing there?&#8221; asks Maria)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>So there you have it. Now you&#8217;re ready to become the next great Goethe and write a German novel!<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>And One More Thing...<\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\nWant to know the key to learning German effectively?\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nIt's using the right content and tools, <strong><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">like FluentU has to offer<\/a><\/strong>! Browse hundreds of videos, take endless quizzes and master the German language faster than you've ever imagine! \r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2005\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-5.jpg\" alt=\"learn-german-with-videos\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nWatching a fun video, but having trouble understanding it? <strong>FluentU brings native videos within reach with interactive subtitles.<\/strong>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2006\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-2.jpg\" alt=\"learn-german-with-interactive-videos\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nYou can tap on any word to look it up instantly. Every definition has examples that have been written to help you understand how the word is used. If you see an interesting word you don't know, you can add it to a vocabulary list.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2007\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-6.jpg\" alt=\"learn-conversational-german-with-subtitled-dialogue\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nAnd FluentU isn't just for watching videos. It's a complete platform for learning. It's designed to effectively teach you all the vocabulary from any video. Swipe left or right to see more examples of the word you're on.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2008\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/German-7.png\" alt=\"practice-german-with-adaptive-quizzes\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a><\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you're learning, and gives you extra practice with difficult words. It'll even remind you when it\u2019s time to review what you\u2019ve learned.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nStart using the FluentU website on your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU app from the iTunes or Google Play store. <a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)<\/a>\r\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Just like in your native language, you&#8217;ll need proper German punctuation to write anything from emails to essays without driving your reader crazy. Luckily, German punctuation marks are practically identical&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":562,"featured_media":252526,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"German Punctuation | FluentU German Blog","description":"Want to know how to use punctuation in German? The good news is that German punctuation is very similar to English. Just learn these 4 essential punctuation marks. I'll cover the period, comma, apostrophe and question mark, and you'll soon be using them all with confidence."},"footnotes":""},"categories":[525,537],"tags":[],"coauthors":[625],"class_list":["post-93944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-german","category-reading-and-writing"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93944","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/562"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=93944"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93944\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":145607,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/93944\/revisions\/145607"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/252526"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=93944"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=93944"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=93944"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=93944"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}