{"id":69637,"date":"2017-08-01T00:15:02","date_gmt":"2017-08-01T04:15:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/learn\/italian-prepositions\/"},"modified":"2025-01-31T05:28:13","modified_gmt":"2025-01-31T10:28:13","slug":"italian-prepositions","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/italian\/italian-prepositions\/","title":{"rendered":"The Complete Guide to Italian Prepositions"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Italian prepositions can seem intimidating.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>No matter how carefully you construct your dear Italian sentence, the first thing that a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/italian\/learn-italian-online\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">teacher<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/italian\/improve-italian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">language exchange partner<\/a> will likely correct is a change from <em>in<\/em> to <em>a<\/em>, or from <em>di<\/em> to <em>da<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>In this post, we&#8217;ll try to untangle the mess of Italian prepositions in a way that&#8217;ll make them easier to understand. We go over the most used Italian prepositions with clear definitions, usage rules and, of course, examples, so you&#8217;ll understand them better than ever.<\/p>\n<p>[fluentu-toc]<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>What Are Italian Prepositions?<\/h2>\n<p>Prepositions are short required words that compliment nouns, pronouns, adjectives and adverbs. As we will see in this post, the main Italian prepositions are: <em>di, da, a, in, su, per, con <\/em>and\u00a0<em>fra\/tra.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>We use prepositions to indicate relationships<\/strong>, such as at what time something happens, or who owns what. You\u2019ll have them in almost every sentence, like in these examples:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em><strong>All<\/strong>\u2019una faccio la pennichella<\/em>. \u2014 I take my nap at one.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>\u00c8 la fisarmonica <strong>di<\/strong> Francesca<\/em>. \u2014 It\u2019s Francesca\u2019s accordion.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Ho ricevuto un regalo <strong>da<\/strong> mio fratello<\/em>. \u2014 I received a gift from my brother.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Sono andato in vacanza<strong> in<\/strong> Spagna<\/em>. \u2014 I went on vacation to Spain.<\/p>\n<div class=\"group w-full text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 border-b border-black\/10 dark:border-gray-900\/50 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-[#444654]\">\n<div class=\"flex p-4 gap-4 text-base md:gap-6 md:max-w-2xl lg:max-w-[38rem] xl:max-w-3xl md:py-6 lg:px-0 m-auto\">\n<div class=\"relative flex w-[calc(100%-50px)] flex-col gap-1 md:gap-3 lg:w-[calc(100%-115px)]\">\n<div class=\"flex flex-grow flex-col gap-3\">\n<div class=\"min-h-[20px] flex items-start overflow-x-auto whitespace-pre-wrap break-words flex-col gap-4\">\n<div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert light\">\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Il libro \u00e8 <strong>sul<\/strong> tavolo.<\/em> \u2014 The book is on the table.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Ho studiato molto <strong>per<\/strong> l&#8217;esame.<\/em> \u2014 I studied a lot for the exam.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Ho cenato <strong>con<\/strong> i miei amici.<\/em> \u2014 I had dinner with my friends.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Il concerto si terr\u00e0<strong> fra<\/strong> due settimane<\/em>. \u2014 The concert will take place in two weeks.<\/p>\n<p>We also have to be careful, as sometimes English uses prepositions where Italian doesn\u2019t, like in this example:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Lui preferisce nuotare<\/em>. \u2014 He prefers <strong>to<\/strong> swim<\/p>\n<p>And, finally, keep in mind that there are many other Italian prepositions. The ones included here are the most used ones.<\/p>\n<h2>Common Italian Prepositions<\/h2>\n<h3><em>Di<\/em> \u2014 Of, by<\/h3>\n<p>The preposition <em>di<\/em> can mean &#8220;of&#8221; or &#8220;by,&#8221; among other things. It combines with the definite articles as follows:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Di + il = <\/em><em>dell<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Di + lo =\u00a0<\/em><em>dello<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Di + l&#8217; =\u00a0<\/em><em>dell&#8217;<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Di + la =\u00a0<\/em><em>della<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Di + i =\u00a0<\/em><em>dei<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Di + gli =\u00a0<\/em><em>degli<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Di + le =\u00a0<\/em><em>delle<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Also, if <em>di<\/em> is directly followed by a vowel, it usually becomes <em>d\u2019:<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Le scarpe <strong>d&#8217;<\/strong>argento <\/em>\u2014 The silver shoes<\/p>\n<p>Here are the major uses of <em>di<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. <em>Di\u00a0<\/em>can be used to show ownership <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This is just like the apostrophe + s in English.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Il nonno <strong>di<\/strong> Luigi<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 Luigi\u2019s grandfather<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>La batteria <strong>del<\/strong> portatile \u00e8 morta<\/em>. \u2014 The laptop\u2019s battery is dead.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. <em>Di<\/em> shows specification, or \u201cof what\u201d something is related.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Il pezzo <strong>degli<\/strong> scacchi<\/em> \u2014 The chess piece (Lit. &#8220;the piece of chess&#8221;; note that chess is grammatically a plural word here)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Il giocatore <strong>di<\/strong> calcio<\/em> \u2014 The football player (Lit. &#8220;the player of football&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <em>Di<\/em> explains city origins.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sono <strong>di<\/strong> Napoli<\/em>. \u2014 I am from Naples.<\/p>\n<p>Note that if you\u2019re talking about country origins, it\u2019s more common to use the adjective forms (so you don\u2019t need a preposition):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sono italiano \/ americano \/ inglese<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m Italian \/ American \/ English.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. <em>Di<\/em> sometimes shows origin of movement.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Da<\/em> also does this. <em>Di<\/em> is often used with <em>casa <\/em>in\u00a0particular.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Esco <strong>di<\/strong> casa alle 19:00<\/em>. \u2014 I leave home at 7 p.m.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. <em>Di<\/em> can explain what something is about.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Parliamo <strong>degli<\/strong> affari di cuore<\/em>. \u2014 Let\u2019s talk about affairs of the heart.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Il sito web tratta <strong>di<\/strong> tecnologia<\/em>. \u2014 The website is about technology.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. <em>Di<\/em> shows authorship of books, songs, plays, movies, etc.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Consiglio &#8220;Che cosa vogliono le donne&#8221;<strong> di<\/strong> Daniel Bergner<\/em>. \u2014 I recommend &#8220;What Do Women Want?&#8221; by Daniel Bergner.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Ascolta questa canzone <strong>di<\/strong> Manuel Donayre!<\/em> \u2014 Listen to this song by Manuel Donayre.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. <em>Di<\/em> shows what something is made of.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vorrei un cucchiaio <strong>di<\/strong> legno<\/em>. \u2014 I would like a wooden spoon.<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. <em>Di<\/em> is used to make comparisons.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sei\u00a0pi\u00f9 bello\u00a0<strong>di<\/strong> lui<\/em>. \u2014 You are more beautiful than him.<\/p>\n<p><strong>9. <em>Di<\/em> is often needed to explain quantities.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Note that this is used where no preposition is needed in English<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Una pista ciclabile <strong>di<\/strong> 10 chilometri<\/em> \u2014 A 10 kilometer bike path<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Una riduzione <strong>del<\/strong> trenta per cento<\/em> \u2014 A 30% reduction<\/p>\n<p><strong>10. <em>Di<\/em> can specify the part of the day or the season.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sono le sei <strong>del<\/strong> pomeriggio<\/em>. \u2014 It\u2019s six in the afternoon.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Una romantica notte <strong>d\u2019<\/strong>estate<\/em>\u00a0\u2014 A romantic summer night<\/p>\n<h3><em>Da<\/em> \u00a0\u2014 From, by<\/h3>\n<p><em>Da<\/em> can be translated as \u201cfrom\u201d or \u201cby,\u201d among other things. It&#8217;s used to show causes and where things are coming from.<\/p>\n<p>Knowing when to use <em>da<\/em> and when to use <em>di<\/em> can be difficult for Italian learners. Contrast the uses in this section with the previous section, and as you\u2019re consuming Italian writing and videos, always try to pay attention to which prepositions (and preposition + article combinations) are used when.<\/p>\n<p>Since <em>di<\/em> is slightly more common, if you have to take a wild guess in a particular situation, you might opt for it. And in the learning process, some find it easier to focus on the uses of <em>da<\/em> and then use <em>di<\/em> for the rest. However, the very best bet is to carefully learn and practice all major uses of each.<\/p>\n<p>Note the following combinations with the definite articles and see if you can spot the one difference with the <em>di<\/em> combinations above.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Da + il =\u00a0<\/em><em>dal<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Da + lo =\u00a0<\/em><em>dallo<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Da + l&#8217; =\u00a0<\/em><em>dall&#8217;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Da + la =\u00a0<\/em><em>dalla<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Da + i =\u00a0<\/em><em>dai<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Da + gli =\u00a0<\/em><em>dagli<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Da + le =\u00a0<\/em><em>dalle<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Did you spot the difference with <em>di<\/em>? <em>Da<\/em> combined with a definite article has an internal <strong><em>a<\/em><\/strong> vowel, whereas the <em>di<\/em> combinations use an internal <em><strong>e<\/strong><\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Here are the major uses of <em>da<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. <em>Da<\/em> shows origin of movement in most cases.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>Da <\/em>is especially used with the words <em>lontano<\/em> (far) and <em>partire<\/em> (to leave), and with more commanding or emphatic statements than one would see with the preposition <em>di<\/em> above (use 4).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Esci <strong>da<\/strong> qui!<\/em> \u2014 Get out of here!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>\u00c8 davvero lontano <strong>da<\/strong> mia casa.<\/em> \u2014 It\u2019s very far from my house.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Esco<strong> dal<\/strong> lavoro alle 19:00.<\/em> \u2014 I leave work at 7 p.m.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. It&#8217;s also used to express motion away from, out of or through a location, as well as the distance from a location.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>La ladra \u00e8 entrata <strong>dalla<\/strong> finestra<\/em>. \u2014 The thief [feminine] entered through the window.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Iowa City \u00e8 a 350 kilometri <strong>da<\/strong> Chicago<\/em>. \u2014 Iowa City is 350 kilometers from Chicago.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <em>Da<\/em> shows the cause of things.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Abbiamo pianto <strong>dalle<\/strong> risate<\/em>. \u2014 We were crying from laughing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. <em>Da<\/em> followed by an infinitive shows what needs to be done.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Hai ancora molte preposizioni <strong>da<\/strong> studiare. \u2014 <\/em>You still have a lot of prepositions to study<em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Non c\u2019\u00e8 niente <strong>da<\/strong> fare.<\/em> \u2014 There\u2019s nothing to be done. \/ It\u2019s hopeless.<\/p>\n<p><strong>5. <em>Da<\/em> is used to mean a person is doing something \u201clike\u201d or \u201cas\u201d someone\/something else.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Mi travesto <strong>da<\/strong> uomo<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m cross-dressing as a man.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vivo <strong>da<\/strong> solo<\/em>. \u2014 I live alone.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Mi tratta <strong>da<\/strong> genio perch\u00e9 padroneggio le preposizioni<\/em>. \u2014 She treats me like a genius because I master my prepositions.<\/p>\n<p><strong>6. <em>Da<\/em> can be used to show how long something has been going on, since when it has been happening or how things used to be.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vivo a New York <strong>da<\/strong> molti anni<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019ve lived in New York for many years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Studio italiano <strong>da<\/strong> due anni<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019ve been studying Italian for two years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><strong>Da<\/strong> giovane ho fatto il giocoliere<\/em>. \u2014 When I was a young person, I juggled.<\/p>\n<p><strong>7. <em>Da<\/em> is sometimes used to describe the characteristics of somebody or something, or what it is used for.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Il ragazzo <strong>dagli<\/strong> occhi intriganti<\/em> \u2014 The guy with the intriguing eyes<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Una tazzina <strong>da<\/strong> caff\u00e8<\/em> \u2014 A coffee cup<\/p>\n<p>Compare that to the same phrase with di:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Una tazzina <strong>di<\/strong> caff\u00e8<\/em> \u2014 A cup of coffee<\/p>\n<p><strong>8. <em>D<\/em><em>a<\/em> can be used to show the person who caused or did an action. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>So while we say <em>\u00c8 un testo teatrale di Dario Fo<\/em> (It\u2019s a play by Dario Fo), if we want to refer to the action of writing and the person who caused it, we say in the passive voice:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Il testo teatrale \u00e8 scritto <strong>da<\/strong> Dario Fo<\/em>. \u2014 The play is written by Dario Fo.<\/p>\n<h3><em>A<\/em> <em>\u2014 <\/em>In, to, at<\/h3>\n<p>The preposition <em>a<\/em> is often used like \u201cin,\u201d \u201cto\u201d or \u201cat\u201d in English. It combines with the definite articles in the following ways:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>A + il =\u00a0<\/em><em>al<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>A + lo =\u00a0<\/em><em>allo<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>A + l&#8217; = <\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/forvo.com\/word\/all%27\/#it\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em>all&#8217;<\/em><\/a><\/li>\n<li><em>A + la =\u00a0<\/em><em>alla<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>A + i =\u00a0<\/em><em>ai<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>A + gli =\u00a0<\/em><em>agli<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>A + le =\u00a0<\/em><em>alle<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>What follows are the major uses of <em>a<\/em>, but see also the section after next for contrasts with <em>in<\/em> and <em>da<\/em>, particularly for talking about locations.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. <em>A<\/em> is often used to say where something is\u00a0or where it is going to.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vado <strong>a<\/strong> San Paulo<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m going to S\u00e3o Paulo.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Mando il cellulare <strong>a<\/strong> Francesca<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m sending the mobile phone to Francesca.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Ho dolore <strong>alla<\/strong> zona lombare<\/em>. \u2014 I have pain in the lumbar region.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>La posta \u00e8<strong> all\u2019<\/strong>angolo, a destra.<\/em> \u2014 The post office is on the corner, on the right.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sei <strong>a<\/strong> met\u00e0 di questo articolo<\/em>. \u2014 You are at the midpoint in this article.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. <em>A<\/em> is used for telling time and saying when things happen, or until when they will happen.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Esco <strong>alle<\/strong> 19:00<\/em>. \u2014 I leave at 7 p.m.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><strong>A<\/strong> che ora si mangia?<\/em> \u2014 What time are we eating?<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Possiamo rimandare la scadenza <strong>a<\/strong> luned\u00ec?<\/em> \u2014 Can we delay the deadline until Monday?<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <em>A<\/em> is used with certain descriptions to show what something is like or made of.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>You\u2019ll see this usage especially with food.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Spaghetti <strong>alla<\/strong> bolognese<\/em> \u2014 In English often called \u201cspaghetti bolognese.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Spaghetti <strong>allo<\/strong> scoglio<\/em> \u2014 Seafood spaghetti (Lit. &#8220;spaghetti of the rocky outcroppings in the sea&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Scaloppine <strong>al<\/strong> vino bianco<\/em> \u2014 Escalope (a thin slice of veal in white wine sauce)<\/p>\n<p>Unfortunately, Italian conversations also turn away from food on rare occasions, so you\u2019ll still need <em>a<\/em> as a descriptor for some very specific phrases such as:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Ho un appartamento <strong>a<\/strong> due piani<\/em>. \u2014 I have a duplex (two-level) apartment.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Un sacco <strong>a<\/strong> pelo<\/em> \u2014 A sleeping bag (Lit. &#8220;fur bag&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vado <strong>a<\/strong> piedi<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m going by foot.<\/p>\n<h3><em>In<\/em> \u2014 In, at<\/h3>\n<p>The preposition <em>in<\/em> is used like the \u201cin\u201d in English, but also to talk about where things are at or going. It combines with the definite articles like this:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>In + il =\u00a0<\/em><em>nel<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>In + lo =\u00a0<\/em><em>nello<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>In + l&#8217; =\u00a0<\/em><em>nell&#8217;<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>In + la =\u00a0<\/em><em>nella<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>In + i =\u00a0<\/em><em>nei<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>In + gli =\u00a0<\/em><em>negli<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>In + le =\u00a0<\/em><em>nelle<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>What follows are the major uses of <em>in,<\/em> but see also the next section to unravel when it&#8217;s used versus <em>a<\/em> and <em>da<\/em>, especially when talking about location.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. <em>In<\/em> is used with motion or location in or into a place, vehicle or a country.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sono <strong>nel<\/strong> ristorante.<\/em> \u2014 I\u2019m in the restaurant.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sono saliti <strong>in<\/strong> macchina<\/em>. \u2014 They got in the car.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vado <strong>in<\/strong> Italia<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m going to Italy.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. With time, <em>in<\/em> expresses the amount of time that something takes to be done.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Note that it is not used to talk about finishing something in the future.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Posso scrivere un articolo <strong>in<\/strong> due giorni<\/em>. \u2014 I can write an article in two days.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <em>In<\/em> shows what form of transportation you take.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Andiamo <strong>in<\/strong> macchina \/ <strong>in<\/strong> metro \/ <strong>in<\/strong> treno<\/em>. \u2014 We\u2019re going by car \/ by subway \/ by train.<\/p>\n<p>But note that you say <em>andiamo <strong>a<\/strong> piedi<\/em> (we\u2019re going by foot).<\/p>\n<h3><em>Su<\/em> <em>\u2014 <\/em>On, above, up, about<\/h3>\n<p>The preposition\u00a0<em>su\u00a0<\/em>can be used in the exact same way as &#8220;on&#8221; in English, but it can also indicate moving to a higher point, to indicate time and to introduce a topic of conversation.<\/p>\n<p>It combines with the following articles:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Su<\/em> + <em>il<\/em> = <em>sul<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Su<\/em> + <em>lo<\/em> =\u00a0<em>sullo<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Su<\/em> + <em>l&#8217; = <a href=\"https:\/\/www.howtopronounce.com\/italian\/sull-1?utm_content=cmp-true\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sull&#8217;<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Su<\/em> + <em>la<\/em> = <em>sulla<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Su<\/em> + <em>i<\/em> = <em>sui<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Su<\/em> + <em>gli<\/em> =\u00a0<em>sugli<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Su<\/em> + <em>le<\/em> = <em>sulle<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1.<em> Su<\/em> is used to indicate something being on top of or above another object or surface.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Il gatto \u00e8 <strong>sul<\/strong> tavolo.<\/em>\u00a0 \u2014 The cat is on the table.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Metti il cappotto <strong>sulla<\/strong> sedia. \u2014 <\/em>Put the coat on the chair.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>La foto \u00e8 appesa <strong>sulla<\/strong> parete.<\/em> \u2014 The photo is hanging on the wall.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2.<em> Su<\/em> can indicate movement or direction to a higher position.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Saliamo <strong>su<\/strong> quella collina.<\/em> \u2014 Let&#8217;s go up that hill.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Il gatto salta <strong>sul<\/strong>\u00a0muro<\/em>.\u00a0 \u2014 The cat jumps up the wall.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Metti il libro <strong>sullo<\/strong>\u00a0scaffale pi\u00f9 alto<\/em>.\u00a0 \u2014Put the book on the highest shelf.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <em>Su<\/em> is used to indicate a non-definite point in time.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>For example, it&#8217;s used to make approximations or estimations. And <em>su <\/em>is not just limited to time\u2014it can also be used for measurements or prices.<\/p>\n<div class=\"RichText3-paragraph--withVSpacingNormal RichText3-paragraph Typography Typography--m\" style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Sono arrivato <strong>sul<\/strong> presto in ufficio. \u2014 <\/em>I arrived at the office early.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"RichText3-paragraph--withVSpacingNormal RichText3-paragraph Typography Typography--m\" style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>La situazione politica cambi\u00f2 <strong>sul<\/strong> finire del secolo. \u2014 <\/em>The political situation changed towards the end of the century.<\/div>\n<div style=\"padding-left: 40px\">\u00a0<\/div>\n<div class=\"RichText3-paragraph--withVSpacingNormal RichText3-paragraph Typography Typography--m\" style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Quell&#8217;abito costa <strong>sui<\/strong> 500 euro. \u2014<\/em> That dress costs around 500 euros.<\/div>\n<p><strong>4. <em>Su<\/em> can be used to introduce a topic or subject of discussion.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Ho comprato un libro <strong>sulla<\/strong> cucina italiana.<\/em> \u2014 I bought a book about Italian cuisine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Abbiamo discusso <strong>su<\/strong> quale film vedere questa sera.<\/em> \u2014 We discussed which movie to watch tonight.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px\"><em>Il professore ha tenuto una lezione <strong>sull&#8217;<\/strong>arte rinascimentale.<\/em> \u2014 The professor gave a lecture on Renaissance art.<\/p>\n<h3><em>Per<\/em><em>\u00a0\u2014 <\/em>By, for<\/h3>\n<p>The preposition <em>per<\/em> is similar to \u201cby\u201d or \u201cfor.\u201d It does not combine with articles.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. <em>Per<\/em> can state purpose or cause.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Ballo soltanto <strong>per<\/strong> passione, non per soldi<\/em>. \u2014 I dance only for passion, not for money.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Soffro <strong>per<\/strong> te<\/em>. \u2014 I suffer for you.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Lo ha detto <strong>per<\/strong> ripicca<\/em>. \u2014 He said it out of spite.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Questa \u00e8 la lista di medicine <strong>per<\/strong> l&#8217;influenza. <\/em>\u2014 This is the list of medicines for flu.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. <em>Per<\/em> can indicate the destination or where a transport option\u00a0is passing through.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>\u00c8 un volo <strong>per<\/strong> la Russia<\/em>. \u2014 It\u2019s a flight via Russia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Passa <strong>per<\/strong> l\u2019Islanda<\/em>. \u2014 It passes through Iceland.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <em>Per<\/em> can be used to make expressions of duration.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Ho provato la nuova canzone <strong>per<\/strong> due ore<\/em>. \u2014 I practiced the new song for two hours.<\/p>\n<h3><em>Con<\/em> \u2014 With<\/h3>\n<p><em>Con<\/em> is relatively straightforward compared to the other prepositions; it frequently translates to \u201cwith.\u201d It does not generally combine with articles, though some speakers may use:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Con + il =\u00a0<\/em><em>col<\/em>\u00a0<\/li>\n<li><em>Con + i =\u00a0<\/em><em>coi<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>1. <em>Con<\/em> is used to show who or what is accompanying somebody or something.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This is the same as the English &#8220;with.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Ballo la pizzica <strong>con<\/strong> Micol<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m dancing pizzica with Micol.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Mischia le cozze <strong>con<\/strong> gli spaghetti<\/em>. \u2014 Mix the mussels with the spaghetti.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Similar to use 3 of <em>in<\/em>, you can use <em>con<\/em> to talk about what transportation you are taking.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Andiamo <strong>con<\/strong> le biciclette<\/em>. \u2014 We\u2019re going by bicycle.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Andiamo <strong>con<\/strong> la macchina<\/em>. \u2014 We\u2019re going by car.<\/p>\n<h3><em>Fra<\/em> and <em>tra<\/em> \u2014 Between, among<\/h3>\n<p><em>Fra<\/em> and <em>tra<\/em> are completely interchangeable prepositions that mean &#8220;between&#8221; or &#8220;among&#8221; (that is, it doesn\u2019t matter if there are two or many things). They do not combine with definite articles.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>L\u2019arancia \u00e8 <strong>fra<\/strong> la mela e l\u2019ananas<\/em>. \u2014 The orange is between the apple and the pineapple.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>\u00c8 <strong>tra<\/strong>\u00a0i siti web pi\u00f9 popolari d\u2019Italia<\/em>. \u2014 It\u2019s among the most popular websites in Italy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>\u00c8 straziante stare <strong>fra<\/strong> questi nemici<\/em>. \u2014 It\u2019s devastating to be among these enemies.<\/p>\n<h2>Using <em>A<\/em>, <em>In<\/em> or <em>D<\/em><em>a<\/em> with Locations and Times<\/h2>\n<p>It can be a bit tricky to keep these three prepositions straight when you\u2019re talking about where or when something is happening. While there are lots of exceptions and variations to these rules, here are the main ideas to keep in mind.<\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Use <em>a<\/em> for talking about being at or going to\u00a0specific, pointed locations or times. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Such locations include cities, streets, stores that don\u2019t end in &#8211;<em>ia<\/em>, public institutions and home. Times include specific points in time as in the examples under the second use in the <em>a<\/em> section above.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Siamo <strong>a<\/strong> Barcellona<\/em>. \u2014 We\u2019re in Barcelona.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vado <strong>al<\/strong> supermercato<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m going to the supermarket.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>\u00c8 <strong>all\u2019<\/strong>universit\u00e0<\/em>. \u2014 He\u2019s at the university.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Sono <strong>a<\/strong> casa<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m at home.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Use <em>in<\/em> for talking about going to or being inside of much larger places like continents, regions and countries.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It&#8217;s also used for shops ending in <em>-ia<\/em> and familiar places. With time, it also talks about grander time frames, like months, seasons and years.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Siamo <strong>in<\/strong> Catalogna<\/em>. \u2014 We\u2019re in Catalonia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vado <strong>in<\/strong> farmacia<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m going to the pharmacy.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>\u00c8 <strong>in<\/strong> ufficio<\/em>. \u2014 He\u2019s at the office.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><strong>In<\/strong> ottobre\u00a0<\/em>\u2014 In October<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em><strong>Nel<\/strong> 1955 \u2014\u00a0<\/em>In 1955<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. <em>Da<\/em> is used for talking about being at or going to someone\u2019s place.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Siamo <strong>da<\/strong> Raffaella<\/em>. \u2014 We\u2019re at Raffaella\u2019s.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px\"><em>Vado <strong>dal<\/strong> medico<\/em>. \u2014 I\u2019m going to the doctor.<\/p>\n<p>In spite of those guidelines, don\u2019t expect these prepositions\u00a0to neatly\u00a0fall into some sort of sensible, usable pattern. My suggestion is that any time you learn a new place name, you should memorize it along with a short phrase that uses the preposition and an article if necessary.<\/p>\n<p>So instead of just learning the new words <em>teatro<\/em> or <em>discoteca<\/em>, you should learn <em>vado <strong>a<\/strong> teatro<\/em> (I\u2019m going to the theater), and that the phrase\u00a0<em>vado <strong>in<\/strong> discoteca<\/em> (I\u2019m going to the nightclub) uses a different preposition.<\/p>\n<h2>Set Phrases with Prepositions<\/h2>\n<p>In addition to the major uses of the key prepositions that we&#8217;ve seen above, you&#8217;ll encounter\u00a0all kinds of other ways that these and other Italian prepositions\u00a0can be used to impart meaning. The best way to learn other uses is to memorize the prepositions as part of\u00a0set phrases, and not worry about the small words by themselves.<\/p>\n<p>Here are just a few examples of other Italian prepositions, so that you can start to be more aware of them when you come across other ones:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>A sinistra di<\/strong><\/em> \u2014 to the left of.\u00a0(<em>Il coriandolo \u00e8 <strong>a sinistra della<\/strong> menta<\/em>. \u2014 The coriander is to the left of the mint.)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>A destra di<\/strong><\/em> \u2014 to the right of. (<em>\u00c8 <strong>a destra del<\/strong> frigorifero.<\/em> \u2014 It&#8217;s to the right of the fridge.)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>Fino a<\/strong><\/em> \u2014 until. (<em>Non sar\u00f3 disponibile <strong>fino a<\/strong> domani<\/em>. \u2014 I will not be available until tomorrow.)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>A causa di<\/strong><\/em> \u2014 because of. (<em>Siamo in ritardo <strong>a causa di<\/strong> un incidente. <\/em>\u2014 We are late because of an accident.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Certain adjectives take certain prepositions; likewise, it&#8217;s best to just learn a new adjective along with its preposition when you first encounter the adjective. Here\u2019s a smattering of examples:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em><strong>Nocivo a<\/strong><\/em> <em>\u00a0\u2014 <\/em>harmful to. (<em>La Coca-Cola \u00e8 <strong>nociva alla<\/strong> mente. \u2014 <\/em>Coca-Cola is harmful to the mind<em>.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>Uguale a<\/strong><\/em> <em>\u2014 <\/em>equal to. (<em>Il nuovo salario \u00e8 <strong>uguale al<\/strong> vecchio. \u2014 <\/em>The new salary is equal to the old one<em>.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>Lieto di<\/strong><\/em> <em>\u2014 <\/em>happy to. (<em>Sono <strong>lieto di<\/strong> conoscerla. \u2014 <\/em>I am delighted to meet you [formal].)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>Innamorato di<\/strong><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2014 <\/em>in love with. (<em>Lei \u00e8 <strong>innamorata dell\u2019<\/strong>amore. \u2014 <\/em>She is in love with love<em>.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>Soddisfatto di<\/strong><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2014 <\/em>satisfied with. (<em>Sono <strong>soddisfatto dei<\/strong> tuoi progressi. \u2014 <\/em>I\u2019m satisfied with your progress<em>.<\/em>)<\/li>\n<li><em><strong>Macchiato di<\/strong><\/em><em>\u00a0\u2014 <\/em>stained with. (<em>Il pavimento \u00e8 tutto <strong>macchiato di<\/strong> vernice bianca<\/em>. \u2014 The floor has white paint stains.)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Italian Preposition Quiz<\/h2>\n<p>See how you do by trying this multiple choice quiz:<\/p>\n<!-- quiz #28428 not found -->\n<h2>Resources for Learning Italian Prepositions<\/h2>\n<p>Prepositions are a challenge (well, let\u2019s be honest, a bit of a horror) that you will come back to again and again as you learn Italian. The good news is that eventually the correct preposition will just start to \u201csound right\u201d as you get used to hearing it and using it.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ibs.it\/preposizioni-italiane-libro-alessandro-de-giuli\/e\/9788886440271\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>&#8220;Le preposizione italiane&#8221;<\/em><\/a> is written in Italian only but intended for foreigners and easy enough to follow; more importantly, it has lots of clear practice exercises with prepositions.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/routledgetextbooks.com\/textbooks\/9781138018488\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><em>&#8220;Soluzioni:<\/em> A Practical Grammar of Contemporary Italian&#8221;<\/a> has clear and useful definitions and practice exercises.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/italian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FluentU<\/a> allows you to practice prepositions by watching them used in action in an array of Italian videos. <p><strong>FluentU<\/strong> takes authentic videos\u2014like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks\u2014and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.<\/p>\r\n<p><\/p>\r\n<p>You can try FluentU for free for 2 weeks. Check out the website or download <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/fluentu-learn-language-videos\/id917892175\">the iOS app<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.fluentflix.fluentu&amp;hl=en&amp;gl=US\">Android app.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><i><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">P.S. Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)<\/a><\/i>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/italian\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\r\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/try-fluentu-for-free.jpg\" alt=\"FluentU Ad\" \/>\r\n  <p style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n    <button class=\"btn-blue\" style=\"border: none;font-size: 18px;text-align: center;padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;cursor: pointer\">\r\n      Try FluentU for FREE!\r\n    <\/button>\r\n  <\/p>\r\n<\/a>\r\n\r\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Italian has a complicated preposition system\u2014there&#8217;s no other way around it. But with time and by incorporating various study methods (reading, watching videos and quizzes), slowly the prepositions will seep in and you&#8217;ll know what&#8217;s correct just by feel.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>And One More Thing...<\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\nIf you're as busy as most of us, you don't always have time for lengthy language lessons. <strong><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> The solution? FluentU<\/a><\/strong>!\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nLearn Italian with funny commericals, documentary excerpts and web series, as you can see here:\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2554\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Italian-5.jpg\" alt=\"learn-italian-with-videos\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\nFluentU helps you get comfortable with everyday Italian by combining all the benefits of complete immersion and native-level conversations with <strong>interactive subtitles<\/strong>. Tap on any word to instantly see an image, in-context definition, example sentences and other videos in which the word is used.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2755\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Italian-2.jpg\" alt=\"learn-italian-with-captioned-videos\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\nAccess a complete interactive transcript of every video under the <strong>Dialogue<\/strong> tab, and review words and phrases with convenient audio clips under <strong>Vocab<\/strong>.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2555\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Italian-6.jpg\" alt=\"learn-conversational-italian-with-subtitled-dialogue\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\nOnce you've watched a video, you can use FluentU's <strong>quizzes<\/strong> to actively practice all the vocabulary in that video. Swipe left or right to see more examples of the word you\u2019re on.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2556\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/Italian-7.jpg\" alt=\"practice-italian-with-adaptive-quizzes\" width=\"307\" height=\"546\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\nFluentU will even keep track of all the Italian words you\u2019re learning, and give you extra practice with difficult words. Plus, it'll tell you exactly when it's time for review. Now that's a <strong>100% personalized experience<\/strong>!\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nThe best part? You can try FluentU for free with a trial.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nStart using the FluentU website on your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU app from the iTunes or Google Play store. <a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)<\/a>\r\n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Italian prepositions can seem intimidating. No matter how carefully you construct your dear Italian sentence, the first thing that a teacher or language exchange partner will likely correct is a&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":745,"featured_media":249583,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"The Complete Guide to Italian Prepositions | FluentU Italian Blog","description":"Italian prepositions can be tricky, so we've created this comprehensive guide which gives you the down-low on the most used prepositions. We include meaning, contractions, examples and of course audio for perfect pronunciation! Don't confuse \"di\" with \"da\" again after reading this guide."},"footnotes":""},"categories":[420,431],"tags":[],"coauthors":[210],"class_list":["post-69637","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-italian","category-italian-vocab-and-grammar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69637","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/745"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=69637"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69637\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":242303,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/69637\/revisions\/242303"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/249583"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=69637"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=69637"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=69637"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=69637"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}