{"id":143522,"date":"2024-02-26T19:43:21","date_gmt":"2024-02-27T00:43:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/learn\/spanish-suffixes\/"},"modified":"2025-05-26T03:48:10","modified_gmt":"2025-05-26T07:48:10","slug":"spanish-suffixes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/spanish\/spanish-suffixes\/","title":{"rendered":"30 Spanish Suffixes to Increase Your Vocabulary Knowledge"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Spanish suffixes are <strong>small groups of letters that attach to the end of words<\/strong> to slightly change their meaning\u2014and there are over 200 of them. You don&#8217;t need to learn them all at once, but you&#8217;ll definitely encounter most of them on your journey to fluency.<\/p>\n<p>By the end of this post, you&#8217;ll learn 30 must-know Spanish suffixes, and master them with brief explanations and tons of examples.<\/p>\n<p>[fluentu-toc]<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>What Are Spanish Suffixes?<\/h2>\n<p>Spanish suffixes are affixes added to the end of words to change their meaning or function. They play an important role in forming new words, changing grammatical categories, and expressing nuances in Spanish vocabulary.<\/p>\n<p>Common Spanish suffixes include <em>-ito<\/em> or <em>-ita<\/em> to indicate smallness or endearment, <em>-ci\u00f3n<\/em> to form nouns from verbs (e.g., <em>acci\u00f3n<\/em> from <em>actuar<\/em>), and <em>-mente<\/em> to create adverbs (e.g., <em>r\u00e1pidamente<\/em> from <em>r\u00e1pido<\/em>).<\/p>\n<p>Spanish suffixes generally fall into these three main categories:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Derivative Suffixes<\/strong> \u2014 These suffixes are added to the base form of a word to create a new word with a different meaning or function. They are used to form nouns, adjectives, adverbs, or verbs from other words. For example, the suffix <em>-ci\u00f3n<\/em> is added to verbs to form nouns denoting action or result (e.g.,\u00a0<em>acci\u00f3n<\/em> from <em>actuar<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Flexive Suffixes<\/strong> \u2014 Also known as inflectional suffixes, these suffixes are added to words to indicate grammatical features such as tense, mood, number, gender, or person. They do not change the basic meaning of the word but modify its form to fit into a particular grammatical context. For instance, the suffix <em>-amos<\/em> is added to verbs to indicate first-person plural present indicative tense in Spanish (e.g.,\u00a0<em>hablamos<\/em> from <em>hablar<\/em>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Appreciative Suffixes<\/strong> \u2014 These suffixes are used to convey a sense of affection, diminution, or endearment towards the referent. They are often added to nouns or adjectives to express smallness, affection, or familiarity. For example, the suffixes <em>-ito<\/em> or <em>-ita<\/em> are added to nouns or adjectives to indicate smallness or endearment (e.g.,\u00a0<em>perrito<\/em> from <em>perro<\/em> meaning &#8220;little dog&#8221; or\u00a0<em>cari\u00f1ito<\/em> from <em>cari\u00f1o<\/em> meaning &#8220;little darling&#8221;).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Most Common Spanish Suffixes<\/h2>\n<h3>1.<em> -ito\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To indicate smallness and endearment<\/p>\n<p>This is probably the most common of the diminutive suffixes in Spanish, which expresses smallness and endearment.<\/p>\n<p>So, if you want to talk about a little puppy or small dog, you would say\u00a0<em><strong><\/strong>perr<strong><strong>ito<\/strong> <\/strong><\/em>(from<em> perro).\u00a0<\/em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/spanish\/blog\/romantic-spanish-phrases-words-dating\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">If you want to express your love for your partner<\/a> you can call them\u00a0<em>cari\u00f1<strong>ito<\/strong><\/em> (from <em>cari\u00f1o<\/em>,<em>\u00a0<\/em>literally meaning &#8220;little love&#8221; or &#8220;little honey&#8221;).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>He comprado un arbol<strong>ito<\/strong> para el jard\u00edn.<br \/>\n<\/em>(I have bought a little tree for the garden.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Mi herman<strong>ita<\/strong> est\u00e1 durmiendo.<br \/>\n<\/em>(My little\/dear sister is sleeping.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Me gusta jugar a las cocin<strong>itas<\/strong>.<br \/>\n<\/em>(I like playing with toy kitchens.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>El perr<strong>ito<\/strong> quiere comer.<br \/>\n<\/em>(The little puppy\/dog wants to eat.)<\/p>\n<p>As you can see, this is very easy to learn and use. However, you should know these two things about this suffix:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Variation 1: <\/strong><em>-cito\/a<\/em> is used for words that end with&#8230;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>An <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/spanish\/spanish-accent-rules\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">accented vowel<\/a> (<em>pap\u00e1 \u2192 papac<strong>ito<\/strong><\/em>)<\/li>\n<li>An unaccented\u00a0<em>e (calle<\/em> \u2192 <em>callec<strong>ita<\/strong>)<\/em><\/li>\n<li>The consonants\u00a0<em>n<\/em> or\u00a0<em>r (dolor<\/em> \u2192 <em>dolorc<strong>ito<\/strong>)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Variation 2:<\/strong> If a word has a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/spanish\/blog\/spanish-gender-rules\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">masculine and a feminine<\/a> form, the feminine diminutive is formed by changing the ending <em>-o<\/em> from the masculine diminutive to <em>-a.\u00a0<\/em>For example:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>juez,<\/em><em>\u00a0jueza<\/em>\u00a0(judge) \u2192 <em>juececit<strong>o<\/strong>\/juececit<strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>doctor,<\/em><em>\u00a0doctora<\/em>\u00a0(doctor) \u2192 <em>doctorcit<strong>o<\/strong>\/doctorcit<strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>profesor,<\/em><em>\u00a0profesora<\/em> (professor)\u00a0\u2192 <em><i>profesorcit<\/i><strong style=\"font-style: italic;\">o<\/strong>\/<i>profesorcit<\/i><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h3>2. <em>-illo\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To indicate smallness and endearment, especially common in southern and central Spain (and less in South America). It&#8217;s very similar to\u00a0<em>-ito\/a.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>\u00e1rbol <\/em>(tree)\u2192<em>\u00a0arbol<strong>illo<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>hermana <\/em>(sister) \u2192\u00a0<em>h<\/em><em>erman<strong>illa<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cocina <\/em>(kitchen) \u2192\u00a0<em>cocin<strong>illa<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>perro <\/em>(dog) \u2192\u00a0<em>perr<strong>illo<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>juez\/a <\/em>(judge) \u2192 <em>juecec<strong>illo<\/strong>\/juecec<strong>ill<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Remember that the same ending rules apply here!<\/p>\n<h3>3. <em>-cico\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage: <\/strong>Also a substitute for <em>-ito\u00a0<\/em>to indicate smallness and endearment<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>calle <\/em>(street) \u2192\u00a0<em>calle<strong>cica<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>bote <\/em>(container) \u2192<em> bote<strong>cico<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cami\u00f3n<\/em> (truck) \u2192\u00a0<em>camion<strong>cico<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>dolor <\/em>(pain) \u2192\u00a0<em>dolor<strong>cico<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>You&#8217;ll hear this suffix most often in eastern Spain (except within Catalonia and the Valencian community) and the Spanish-speaking Caribbean countries, like <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/spanish\/dominican-slang\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the Dominican Republic<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>4. <em>-uelo\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To indicate smallness but in a derogatory way (in some instances, though, the suffix has lost its derogatory meaning and the new word is neutral)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Variations: <\/strong>Even though the basic form is &#8211;<em>uelo<\/em>, it can take three other forms:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>-zuelo<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>-ezuelo<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>-ecezuelo<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pa\u00f1o<\/em> (cloth) \u2192\u00a0<em>pa\u00f1<strong>uelo<\/strong><\/em> (handkerchief)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">Note: This is one of those instances where the negative association with the suffix has been lost.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>ladr\u00f3n<\/em> (thief) \u2192\u00a0<em>ladron<strong>zuelo<\/strong><\/em> (burglar, safe-cracker)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>p\u00edcaro<\/em> (swindler) \u2192\u00a0<em>picar<strong>uelo<\/strong><\/em> (rogue)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pie<\/em> (foot) \u2192\u00a0<em>pie<strong>cezuelo<\/strong><\/em> (little, rather ugly foot)<\/p>\n<h3>5. <em>-o<\/em><em>te\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To indicate endearment or denote largeness in size<\/p>\n<p>This suffix is very peculiar because <strong>it can act as both a diminutive and augmentative suffix.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>It can have positive and negative connotations, so you have to be quite a proficient speaker to handle it properly.<\/p>\n<p>There are no rules regarding when this suffix will be diminutive, augmentative, positive or negative. The best way to get acquainted with it is by learning a few examples by heart.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cabeza<\/em> (head) \u2192\u00a0<em>cabez<strong><strong>ota<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(big-headed, stubborn)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>\u00e1ngel <\/em>(angel) \u2192\u00a0<em>angel<strong><strong>ote<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(large figure of an angel; chubby child;\u00a0decent person, in South America)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>amigo <\/em>(friend) \u2192\u00a0<em>amig<strong><strong>ote<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(buddy, pal, mate)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">Note: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/spanish\/best-spanish-dictionary-apps\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">The <em>Real Academia Espa\u00f1ola<\/em><\/a> (Royal Spanish Academy) treats <em>amigote<\/em> as despective.<\/p>\n<h3>6.<em> -ucho\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To indicate a negative connotation<\/p>\n<p>The suffix <em>-ucho <\/em>is another derogatory suffix. However, it doesn&#8217;t make people, animals and things bigger or smaller\u2014it just adds a negative connotation to the word.<\/p>\n<p>Since there&#8217;s not a single English suffix that could be used for translating <em>-ucho<\/em>, the safest way to get along with it is by learning the new words as independent terms.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>casa <\/em>(house) \u2192\u00a0<em>cas<strong><strong>ucha<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(shack, hovel)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>flaco <\/em>(thin) \u2192\u00a0<em>flac<strong><strong>ucho<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(skinny)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>m\u00e9dico <\/em>(doctor) \u2192\u00a0<em>medic<strong><strong>ucho<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(quack, quackish)<\/p>\n<h3>7. <em>-\u00f3n \/\u00a0-ona<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To make a word bigger in size or intensity<\/p>\n<p><strong>Variation 1: <\/strong>Feminine words that take the ending -\u00f3<em>n<\/em> become the same object, just bigger and masculine. There are feminine versions, but they&#8217;re rarely used.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>la casa<\/em> (house) \u2192\u00a0<em>el cas<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0<\/em><em>la cas<strong>on<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (manor house)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>la cuchara<\/em> (spoon) \u2192\u00a0<em>el cuchar<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0<strong>la cuchar<strong>ona<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(ladle)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>la voz<\/em> (voice) \u2192\u00a0<em>el vozarr<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0la vozarr<strong>ona<\/strong><\/em> (booming voice)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>la puerta<\/em> (door) \u2192<em>\u00a0el port<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0la puert<strong><strong>ona<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(gate)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Variation 2: <\/strong>Adjectives can be made more intense by adding the suffix &#8211;<em>\u00f3n<\/em>, and they have a feminine counterpart ending in <em>-o<\/em><em>na<\/em>:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>grande<\/em> (big) \u2192\u00a0<em>grand<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0grand<strong>o<\/strong><strong>na<\/strong><\/em> (very big)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">Note: This is especially used when talking about big and tall young people.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>simp\u00e1tico<\/em> (nice, likable) \u2192\u00a0<em>simpatic<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0simpatic<strong>ona<\/strong><\/em> (very easily likable)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>tonto<\/em> (silly) \u2192\u00a0<em>tonto<strong>rr\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0tonto<strong>rrona<\/strong><\/em> (very silly)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">Note: This is normally used with endearment.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Variation 3: <\/strong>You can add this suffix to the root of some Spanish infinitives to make a noun mean a sharp, sudden or abrupt action related to the verb.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>apagar<\/em> (to switch off, to turn off) \u2192\u00a0<em>apag<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong><\/em> (a blackout)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>resbalar<\/em> (to slip, to slide) \u2192\u00a0<em>resbal<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong><\/em> (a slip, specifically one that can make you painfully thump on the floor)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>tropezar<\/em> (to bump into, to trip over) \u2192\u00a0<em>tropez<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong><\/em> (a trip, a stumble)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Variation 4: <\/strong>The suffix <em>&#8211;<\/em><em>\u00f3n <\/em>can add a derogatory value to a word. In these cases, both masculine and feminine forms are normally accepted.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>mirar<\/em> (to look, to watch) \u2192\u00a0<em>mir<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0mir<strong>ona<\/strong><\/em> (nosy, snoopy)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>llorar<\/em> (to cry, to weep) \u2192\u00a0<em>llor<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0llor<strong>o<\/strong><strong>na<\/strong><\/em> (weeper, crybaby)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>tragar<\/em> (to swallow, to gulp down) \u2192\u00a0<em>trag<strong>\u00f3n<\/strong> \/\u00a0<\/em><em>trag<strong>o<\/strong><strong>na<\/strong><\/em> (greedy guts, pig)<\/p>\n<h3>8. <em>-azo\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To make a word bigger in size or intensity<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Jos\u00e9 ha comprado un coch<strong><strong>azo<\/strong>.<\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/em>(Jos\u00e9 has bought a great\/big\/super\/extraordinary car.)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>\u00a1Mi primo tiene unas orej<strong>azas<\/strong> enormes!<br \/>\n<\/em>(My cousin has super big ears!)<\/p>\n<p>As you can see, you can even add an adjective such as <em>enorme<\/em>,<em> gigante<\/em>\u00a0or<em> muy grande<\/em>\u00a0to make the noun even bigger.)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2: <\/strong>To indicate a hit or blow with something<\/p>\n<p>In this case, you&#8217;ll have masculine nouns almost exclusively, so the common ending will just be <em>-azo<\/em>. To say in Spanish that you accidentally hit something\/someone with part of your body or an object, use that part and add <em>-azo<\/em> to it.<\/p>\n<p>Watch out for those ending vowels dropping before adding the suffix!<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pu\u00f1o<\/em> (fist) \u2192\u00a0<em>pu\u00f1et<strong>azo<\/strong><\/em> (punch)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cabeza<\/em> (head) \u2192\u00a0<em>cabez<strong>azo<\/strong><\/em> (blow to the head)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>puerta<\/em> (door) \u2192<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>port<strong>azo<\/strong><\/em> ([door] slam)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>ca\u00f1\u00f3n<\/em> (cannon) \u2192\u00a0<em>ca\u00f1on<strong><strong>azo<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(cannon shot)<\/p>\n<h3>9. <em>-udo\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To indicate having a lot of something (normally used with parts of the body and physical qualities)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pelo <\/em>(hair) \u2192\u00a0<em>pel<strong><strong>udo<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(hairy, furry)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>fuerza <\/em>(strength) \u2192\u00a0<em>forz<strong><strong>udo<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(strongman)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>oreja <\/em>(ear) \u2192\u00a0<em>orej<strong><strong>udo<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(big-eared)<\/p>\n<h3>10. <em>-ada<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To indicate a violent action or blow with<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cuchillo<\/em> (knife) \u2192\u00a0<em>cuchill<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (knife cut, stab wound)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cuerno<\/em> (horn) \u2192\u00a0<em>corn<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (goring)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>piedra<\/em> (rock, stone) \u2192\u00a0<em>pedr<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (a hit or blow with a stone)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2: <\/strong>\u00a0To indicate a big quantity or full of (similar to -ful in English)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cuchara<\/em> (spoon) \u2192\u00a0<em>cuchar<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (spoonful)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>mill\u00f3n<\/em> (million) \u2192\u00a0<em>millon<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (fortune, lots of millions)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 3:<\/strong> To indicate an action or effect of an infinitive verb<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>llamar<\/em> (to call) \u2192\u00a0<em>una llam<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (a call)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>parar<\/em> (to stop) \u2192\u00a0<em>una par<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (a stop)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>nevar<\/em> (to snow) \u2192\u00a0<em>nev<strong>ada<\/strong><\/em> (snowfall)<\/p>\n<h3>11. <em>-dor \/ -dora<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:\u00a0<\/strong>To create instruments and household appliances that make the action of the verb they are derived from<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>aspirar<\/em> (to suck in) \u2192\u00a0<em>aspira<strong>dora<\/strong><\/em> (vacuum cleaner)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cargar<\/em> (to charge, to load) \u2192<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>carga<strong>dor<\/strong><\/em> (charger, loader)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>lavar<\/em> (to wash) \u2192\u00a0<em>lava<strong>dora<\/strong><\/em> (washing machine)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>secar<\/em> (to dry) \u2192\u00a0<em>seca<strong>dor<\/strong><\/em> (hairdryer, clothes horse),\u00a0<em>seca<strong>dora<\/strong><\/em> (laundry dryer, spin dryer)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2: <\/strong>To create names of places where you do the action of the infinitives they are derived from<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>comer<\/em> (to eat) \u2192\u00a0<em>come<strong>dor<\/strong><\/em> (dining room)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>asar<\/em> (to roast) \u2192\u00a0<em>asa<strong>dor<\/strong><\/em> (rotisserie)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>probar<\/em> (to try on) \u2192<em>\u00a0proba<strong>dor<\/strong><\/em> (fitting room)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 3: <\/strong>To create occupations and jobs (much like the English &#8220;-er&#8221; and &#8220;-or&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>vender<\/em> (to sell) \u2192\u00a0<em>vende<strong>dor<\/strong> \/\u00a0vende<strong>dora<\/strong><\/em> (seller, vendor)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>conducir<\/em> (to drive) \u2192\u00a0<em>conduc<strong>tor<\/strong> \/\u00a0<\/em><em>conduc<strong>tora<\/strong><\/em> (driver)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>dirigir una orquesta<\/em> (to conduct an orchestra) \u2192\u00a0<em>direct<strong>or<\/strong> \/\u00a0direct<strong>ora<\/strong> de orquesta<\/em> (conductor)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>jugar<\/em> (to play) \u2192\u00a0<em>juga<strong>dor<\/strong><\/em> (player)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 4: <\/strong>To create adjectives and nouns having a specific quality related to the infinitive they are derived from<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>encantar<\/em> (to bewitch, to charm)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><em>encanta<strong>d<\/strong><strong>or<\/strong>\u00a0\/\u00a0encanta<strong>dora<\/strong><\/em> (charming)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\">encanta<strong>dor<\/strong>\u00a0(charmer, i.e. snake charmer or <em>encanta<strong>dor<\/strong> de serpientes)<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>hablar<\/em> (to talk)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><em>habla<strong>d<\/strong><strong>or<\/strong>\u00a0\/\u00a0habla<strong>dora<\/strong><\/em> (talkative, adjective)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 80px;\"><em>habla<strong>dor<\/strong>\u00a0\/\u00a0habla<strong>dora<\/strong><\/em> (chatterbox, noun)<\/p>\n<h3>12. <em>-al<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:\u00a0<\/strong>To form adjectives that mean &#8220;pertaining to, related to.&#8221; (The English equivalent is also &#8220;-al&#8221;)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cultura <\/em>(culture) \u2192\u00a0<em>cultur<strong><strong>al<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(cultural)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>constituci\u00f3n <\/em>(constitution) \u2192\u00a0<em>constitucion<strong><strong>al<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(constitutional)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>adverbio <\/em>(adverb) \u2192\u00a0<em>adverbi<strong><strong>al<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(adverbial)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2:<\/strong> To form nouns that indicate a place where the original noun can be found (usually in abundance)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>arroz <\/em>(rice) \u2192\u00a0<em>arroz<strong><strong>al<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(paddy field)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>arena <\/em>(sand) \u2192\u00a0<em>aren<strong><strong>al<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(sandy area)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>dinero <\/em>(money) \u2192\u00a0<em>diner<strong><strong>al<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(a fortune)<\/p>\n<h3>13. <em>-ante<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To turn verbs into nouns and adjectives<\/p>\n<p>The same word will have two different meanings and two different functions.<\/p>\n<p>The noun will denote the person or thing acting as the verb.<\/p>\n<p>The adjective can be used to describe something or someone with the qualities inherent to the infinitive, or as a present participle.<\/p>\n<p>In this last case, the English equivalent will always be the ending &#8220;-ing.&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>amar <\/em>(to love) \u2192\u00a0<em>am<strong><strong>ante<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(lover [n.]; loving [adj.])<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>picar <\/em>(to be hot, to be spicy, to sting) \u2192\u00a0<em>pic<strong><strong>ante<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(hot, spicy)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>calmar <\/em>(to calm, to relieve) \u2192<em>\u00a0<\/em><em>calm<strong><strong>ante<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(painkiller [n.]; soothing, calming [adj.])<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>estudiar <\/em>(to study) \u2192\u00a0<em>estudi<strong><strong>ante<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(student)<\/p>\n<h3>14. <em>-ario\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To indicate a profession<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>empres<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(entrepreneur)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>bec<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(intern, apprentice)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em><strong>bibliotec<\/strong><strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(librarian)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2:<\/strong> To indicate a place<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>escen<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(stage)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>campan<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(bell tower)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>acu<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(aquarium)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 3: <\/strong>To mean &#8220;a group of&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>abeced<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(alphabet, i.e. a group of letters)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>recet<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(cookbook, i.e. a group of recipes)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>poem<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(book of poems, i.e. a group of poems)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 4:<\/strong> To mean\u00a0&#8220;pertaining to, related to.&#8221; In this case, it will very frequently be translated into English as &#8220;-ary&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>terci<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(tertiary)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>incendi<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(incendiary)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>volunt<strong><strong>ario<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(voluntary)<\/p>\n<h3>15. <em>-ero\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To turn a noun into an occupation<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>cami\u00f3n<\/em> (truck) \u2192 <em>camion<strong>ero<\/strong>\/camion<strong>er<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (truck driver)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>fruta<\/em> (fruit) \u2192 <em>frut<strong>ero<\/strong>\/frut<strong>er<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (fruit seller)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>verdura<\/em> (vegetables) \u2192 <em>verdu<strong>lero<\/strong>\/verdu<strong>ler<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (greengrocer, the addition of this suffix is a bit irregular)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pan<\/em> (bread) \u2192<em>pan<strong>adero<\/strong>\/<\/em><em>pan<strong>ader<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (baker)<\/p>\n<p><b>Usage 2:\u00a0<\/b>To denote types of fruit trees<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>coco<\/em> (coconut) \u2192\u00a0<em>cocot<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (coconut palm)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>lim\u00f3n<\/em> (lemon) \u2192\u00a0<em>limon<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (lemon tree)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>melocot\u00f3n<\/em> (peach) \u2192\u00a0<em>melocoton<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (peach tree)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pl\u00e1tano<\/em> (banana) \u2192<em>\u00a0platan<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (banana tree)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 3:<\/strong> To form adjectives with the meaning &#8220;related to&#8221;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pescar<\/em> (to fish for) \u2192 <em>pesq<strong>u<\/strong><strong>ero<\/strong>\/pesq<strong>u<\/strong><strong>er<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (fishing <em>adj.<\/em>, related to fishing)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>leche<\/em> (milk) \u2192\u00a0<em>lech<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (milk <em>adj.<\/em>, related to milk)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>setenta<\/em> (seventy) \u2192 <em>setent<strong>ero<\/strong>\/setent<strong>er<\/strong><strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (related to the 70s)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 4:<\/strong> To form nouns with the meaning of &#8220;place in which to keep&#8221; (frequently, but not exclusively, related to food)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>az\u00facar<\/em> (sugar) \u2192\u00a0<em>azucar<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (sugar bowl)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>sal<\/em> (salt) \u2192\u00a0<em>sal<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (salt shaker)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>moneda<\/em> (coin) \u2192\u00a0<em>moned<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (purse)<\/p>\n<h3>16. <em>-\u00eda<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>The suffix <em>-\u00eda<\/em> is a suffix that is normally added to the suffix\u00a0<em>&#8211;<\/em><em>ero <\/em>to form the double suffix <em>-er\u00eda<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To form the names of stores and shops from nouns<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pan<\/em> (bread) \u2192<em>\u00a0panad<strong>ero<\/strong>\/<strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (baker) \u2192\u00a0<em>panad<strong>er\u00eda<\/strong><\/em> (bakery)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pescado<\/em> (fish) \u2192 <em>pescad<strong>ero<\/strong>\/<strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (fishmonger) \u2192\u00a0<em>pescad<strong>er\u00eda<\/strong><\/em> (fish market)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>zapato<\/em> (shoe) \u2192 <em>zapat<strong>ero<\/strong>\/<strong>a<\/strong><\/em> (shoemaker) \u2192\u00a0<em>zapat<strong>er\u00eda<\/strong><\/em> (shoe store)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2: <\/strong>To indicate relation<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>tonto<\/em> (silly) \u2192\u00a0<em>tont<strong>er\u00eda<\/strong><\/em> (foolishness)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>gal\u00e1n<\/em> (handsome man) \u2192<em>\u00a0galant<strong>er\u00eda<\/strong><\/em> (gallantry)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>camarada<\/em> (comrade) \u2192\u00a0<em>camarad<strong>er\u00eda<\/strong><\/em> (comradeship)<\/p>\n<h3>17. <em>-mente<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To transform adjectives into adverbs<\/p>\n<p>To do this, add the suffix to the feminine singular form of the adjective in question. Most of the time, you&#8217;ll be able to translate the suffix <em>-m<\/em><em>ente\u00a0<\/em>as the suffix &#8220;<em>&#8211;<\/em>ly&#8221;<em>\u00a0<\/em>in English.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>elegante<\/em> (elegant) \u2192\u00a0<em>elegante<strong>mente<\/strong><\/em> (elegantly)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>r\u00e1pido <\/em>\u2192<em>\u00a0r\u00e1pida<\/em> (quick) \u2192\u00a0<em>r\u00e1pida<strong>mente<\/strong><\/em> (quickly)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>claro <\/em>\u2192<em>\u00a0clara<\/em> (clear) \u2192\u00a0<em>clara<strong>mente<\/strong><\/em> (clearly)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>perfecto<\/em>\u00a0\u2192<em> perfecta<\/em> (perfect) \u2192\u00a0<em>perfecta<strong>mente<\/strong><\/em> (perfectly)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>f\u00e1cil<\/em> (easy) \u2192\u00a0<em>f\u00e1cil<strong>mente<\/strong><\/em> (easily)<\/p>\n<h3>18. <em>-ista<\/em><\/h3>\n<p>Generally, this suffix can almost always be translated as &#8220;-ist&#8221; in English.<\/p>\n<p>Even though it has around six main uses, only two of them are extremely common.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To create names of occupations<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>art<strong><strong>ista<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(artist)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>dent<strong><strong>ista<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(dentist)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>recepcion<strong><strong>ista<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(receptionist)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2:<\/strong> To\u00a0denote people who support or are associated with something (this will normally be a religion, a sports team, a philosophical current, etc.):<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>bud<strong>ista<\/strong> <\/em>(Buddhist)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>marx<strong><strong>ista<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(Marxist)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>madrid<strong><strong>ista<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(Real Madrid player or supporter)<\/p>\n<h3>19. <em>-acho\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To add a negative connotation or contempt to a word<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pueblo\u00a0<\/em>(town)\u00a0\u2192\u00a0<em>pobl<\/em><strong><strong><em>acho<\/em><\/strong><\/strong> (small hillbilly town\/Podunk town)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>hombre<\/em> (man) \u2192\u00a0<em>hombr<strong><strong>acho<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(big<em>,<\/em> heavy-built guy)<\/p>\n<h3>20.\u00a0<em>-ajo\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To denote something very small and insignificant, usually with a negative connotation<\/p>\n<p>Attaching this Spanish suffix to an adjective gives the impression that it&#8217;s small in a disrespectful, insignificant way. However, sometimes it&#8217;s just used to emphasize the small size of whatever the speaker is describing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>miga<\/em> (crumb) \u2192\u00a0<em>m<\/em><em>ig<strong>aja<\/strong><\/em> (tiny, insignificant crumb)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>hierba <\/em>(grass) \u2192\u00a0<em><em>h<\/em><em>ierb<strong>ajo<\/strong><\/em> <\/em>(weeds)<\/p>\n<h3>21.\u00a0<em>-anza<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To form a noun from a verb<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>fiar<\/em> (to sell\/give on credit) \u2192\u00a0<em>fi<strong>anza<\/strong><\/em> (deposit, bond)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>criar<\/em> (to raise, bring up) \u2192\u00a0<em>cri<strong>anza<\/strong><\/em> (upbringing)<\/p>\n<h3>22.\u00a0<em>-able \/ -ible<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To form adjectives from verbs. Similar to the English\u00a0<em>-able<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>absorber<\/em> (to absorb) \u2192\u00a0<em>absorb<strong>ible<\/strong><\/em> (absorbable)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><i>adorar <\/i>(to adore) \u2192\u00a0<em>ador<strong>able<\/strong> <\/em>(adorable)<\/p>\n<h3>23.\u00a0<em>-dad<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To form a noun that&#8217;s representative of the adjective or verb that it comes from<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>contar<\/em> (to count) \u2192\u00a0<em>contabili<strong>dad<\/strong><\/em> (accounting)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>activar<\/em> (to activate) \u2192\u00a0<em>activi<strong>dad<\/strong><\/em> (activity)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>igual <\/em>(equal) \u2192\u00a0<em>igual<strong>dad<\/strong><\/em> (equality)<\/p>\n<h3>24.\u00a0<em>-\u00edsimo\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To turn adjectives into adverbs that emphasize having a lot of or being in the most extreme state<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>mucho<\/em> (much) \u2192\u00a0<em>much<strong>\u00edsimo<\/strong> <\/em>(a lot of, very much)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>mal<\/em> (bad) \u2192\u00a0<em>mal<strong>\u00edsimo<\/strong> <\/em>(very bad)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>bajo<\/em> (short, low) \u2192\u00a0<em>baj<strong>\u00edsimo<\/strong> <\/em>(very short)<\/p>\n<h3>25.\u00a0<em>-oso<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To turn nouns into adjectives<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>peligro<\/em> (danger) \u2192\u00a0<em>peligr<strong><strong>oso<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(dangerous)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>poder\u00a0<\/em>(power) \u2192\u00a0<em>poder<strong>oso<\/strong> <\/em>(powerful)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>olor<\/em> (smell) \u2192\u00a0<em>olor<strong>oso<\/strong><\/em> (smelly)<\/p>\n<h3>26.\u00a0<em>-ano\/a<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To turn nouns into adjectives that indicate belonging or origin from the noun<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Per\u00fa<\/em> (Peru) \u2192\u00a0<em>peru<strong><strong>ano<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(Peruvian)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Cuba<\/em> (Cuba) \u2192\u00a0<em>cub<strong>ano<\/strong><\/em> (Cuban)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>Venezuela\u00a0<\/em>(Venezuela) \u2192\u00a0<em>venezol<strong>ano<\/strong><\/em> (Venzuelan)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>M\u00e9xico\u00a0<\/em>(Mexico) \u2192\u00a0<em>mexic<strong>ano<\/strong><\/em> (Mexican)<\/p>\n<h3>27.\u00a0<em>-dero<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To indicate a position, title, occupation etc. in relation to a verb or noun<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>barrer\u00a0<\/em>(to sweep) \u2192\u00a0<em>barren<strong>dero<\/strong> <\/em>(street sweeper)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>honda\u00a0<\/em>(sling) \u2192\u00a0<em>hond<strong>ero<\/strong><\/em> (slinger, someone who uses slingshots)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2:<\/strong> To turn a verb into a place where the activity from the verb occurs<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>embarcar<\/em> (to embark) \u2192 <em>\u200eembarca<strong>dero<\/strong><\/em> (pier)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>lavar<\/em> (to wash) \u2192\u00a0<em>lavadero<\/em> (laundry room, washboard)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>comer\u00a0<\/em>(to eat) \u2192\u00a0<em>come<strong>dero<\/strong><\/em> (dining room)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 3:<\/strong> To form an adjective out of a verb to indicate that something is possible<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>pagar<\/em> (to pay) \u2192\u00a0<em>paga<strong>dero<\/strong><\/em> (payable)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>llevar<\/em> (to take, bear) \u2192\u00a0<em>lleva<strong>dero<\/strong><\/em> (tolerable, bearable)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>hacer\u00a0<\/em>(to do) \u2192\u00a0<em>hace<strong><strong>dero<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(doable)<\/p>\n<h3>28.\u00a0<em>-adizo<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> To form adjectives from verbs (and sometimes nouns) to mean &#8220;prone to&#8221;<\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>manchar <\/em>(to stain) \u2192\u00a0<em>manch<strong>adizo<\/strong> <\/em>(easily stained, prone to staining)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>olvidar<\/em> (to forget) \u2192<em>\u00a0olvid<strong><strong>adizo<\/strong><\/strong> <\/em>(forgetful, prone to forgetting)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>quebrar<\/em> (to break) \u2192\u00a0<em>quebr<strong>adizo<\/strong><\/em> (fragile, delicate)<\/p>\n<h3>29.\u00a0<em>-grafo<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage:<\/strong> The Spanish equivalent of the English ending <em>-graph<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong>Examples:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>aut\u00f3<strong>grafo<\/strong><\/em> (autograph)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>fon\u00f3<strong>grafo<\/strong><\/em> (phonograph)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>fot\u00f3<strong>grafo<\/strong><\/em>\u00a0(photographer)<\/p>\n<h3>30.\u00a0<em>-iento<\/em><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Usage 1:<\/strong> To form adjectives from nouns that convey a physical or emotional condition<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>sed<\/em> (thirst) \u2192\u00a0<em>sed<strong>iento<\/strong><\/em> (thirsty)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>hambre<\/em> (hunger) \u2192\u00a0<em>hambr<strong>iento<\/strong><\/em> (feeling, sorrow)<\/p>\n<p><strong>Usage 2:<\/strong> To form adjectives that indicate similarity<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>amarillo<\/em> (yellow) \u2192\u00a0<em>amarill<strong>ento<\/strong><\/em> (yellowish)<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>To review all your new tricks, watch or read Spanish content\u2014such as books, subtitled movies and TV shows\u2014while keeping an eye out and noting down how they\u2019re used. The Spanish videos on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/spanish\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">FluentU<\/a> naturally include suffixes, since native speakers use them all the time. <p><strong>FluentU<\/strong> takes authentic videos\u2014like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks\u2014and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.<\/p>\r\n<p>You can try FluentU for free for 2 weeks. Check out the website or download <a href=\"https:\/\/apps.apple.com\/us\/app\/fluentu-learn-language-videos\/id917892175\">the iOS app<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/play.google.com\/store\/apps\/details?id=com.fluentflix.fluentu&amp;hl=en&amp;gl=US\">Android app.<\/a><\/p>\r\n<p><i><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">P.S. Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month)<\/a><\/i>\r\n<\/p>\r\n&nbsp;\r\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\r\n  <img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/site\/\/2\/NativeAd-Spanish.jpg\" alt=\"FluentU Ad\" \/>\r\n  <p style=\"text-align: center\">\r\n    <button class=\"btn-blue\" style=\"border: none;font-size: 18px;text-align: center;padding: 0.75rem 1.5rem;cursor: pointer\">\r\n      Try FluentU for FREE!\r\n    <\/button>\r\n  <\/p>\r\n<\/a>\r\n<\/p>\n<p>With practice, these suffixes will be a breeze\u2014and finally, so will understanding them in natural conversations.<\/p>\n<p><\/p>\n<h2>And One More Thing\u2026<\/h2>\r\n<p>\r\nIf you've made it this far that means you probably enjoy learning Spanish with engaging material and <strong><a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"> will then love FluentU<\/a>.<\/strong>\r\n<\/p>\r\n\r\n<p>\r\nOther sites use scripted content. FluentU uses a natural approach that helps you ease into the Spanish language and culture over time. You\u2019ll learn Spanish as it\u2019s actually spoken by real people.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nFluentU has a wide variety of videos, as you can see here:\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1234 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/site\/\/2\/Spanish-1.jpg\" alt=\"learn-spanish-with-videos\" width=\"320\" height=\"568\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\n<strong>FluentU brings native videos within reach with interactive transcripts.<\/strong> You can tap on any word to look it up instantly. Every definition has examples that have been written to help you understand how the word is used. If you see an interesting word you don\u2019t know, you can add it to a vocab list.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-19339\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/site\/\/2\/Spanish-2.png\" alt=\"learn-spanish-with-interactive-subtitled-videos\" width=\"320\" height=\"569\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\nReview a complete interactive transcript under the <strong>Dialogue<\/strong> tab, and find words and phrases listed under <strong>Vocab<\/strong>.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1235 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/site\/\/2\/Spanish-3.jpg\" alt=\"learn-spanish-with-songs\" width=\"320\" height=\"568\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\nLearn all the vocabulary in any video with FluentU\u2019s robust learning engine. Swipe left or right to see more examples of the word you\u2019re on.\r\n<\/p>\r\n<a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1236 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/site\/\/2\/Spanish-4.jpg\" alt=\"learn-spanish-with-music-videos\" width=\"320\" height=\"568\" \/><\/a>\r\n<p>\r\nThe best part is that FluentU keeps track of the vocabulary that you\u2019re learning, and gives you extra practice with difficult words. It'll even remind you when it\u2019s time to review what you\u2019ve learned.<strong> Every learner has a truly personalized experience, even if they\u2019re learning with the same video.<\/strong>\r\n<\/p>\r\n<p>\r\nStart using the FluentU website on your computer or tablet or, better yet, download the FluentU app from the iTunes or Google Play store. <a data-bid=\"1\" data-no-instant=\"1\" href=\"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/try\/april-sale-3331\/\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Click here to take advantage of our current sale! (Expires at the end of this month.)<\/a>\r\n<\/p>\r\n\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Spanish suffixes are small groups of letters that attach to the end of words to slightly change their meaning\u2014and there are over 200 of them. You don&#8217;t need to learn&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":121,"featured_media":249081,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"slim_seo":{"title":"30 Spanish Suffixes to Increase Your Vocabulary Knowledge | FluentU Spanish Blog","description":"Read this blog post to learn 30 essential Spanish suffixes that native speakers use all the time. Learn to recognize common suffixes like -ario\/a, -ada, -mente and many more. Having a firm grasp on Spanish suffixes will help you demystify the meaning of words you don't know."},"footnotes":""},"categories":[590,593],"tags":[],"coauthors":[191],"class_list":["post-143522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-spanish","category-spanish-vocabulary"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/121"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=143522"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":253833,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/143522\/revisions\/253833"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/249081"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=143522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=143522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=143522"},{"taxonomy":"author","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/coauthors?post=143522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}