{"id":137507,"date":"2023-05-18T16:03:24","date_gmt":"2023-05-18T20:03:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/learn\/professions-in-spanish\/"},"modified":"2025-01-29T23:30:46","modified_gmt":"2025-01-30T04:30:46","slug":"professions-in-spanish","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fluentu.com\/blog\/spanish\/professions-in-spanish\/","title":{"rendered":"90 Professions in Spanish (With Useful Phrases)"},"content":{"rendered":"

If you’re learning Spanish, you probably already know some words for professions, like maestro\/a <\/em>(teacher) or polic\u00eda<\/em> (police officer).\u00a0But in today’s world, there are a huge number of occupations, and the basic handful of them will only get you so far.\u00a0<\/p>\n

I’ll share some grammar tips<\/a> and useful phrases<\/a> for talking about professions in Spanish, and give you 90 job titles you can add to your vocabulary bank.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Let’s get to work!\u00a0<\/p>\n

[fluentu-toc]<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Vocabulary List of 90 Professions in Spanish<\/h2>\n

Here you have a list of occupations along with their English translations. I’ve added the feminine forms<\/a> and explanations when necessary.<\/p>\n

el abogado \/ la abogada \u2014 <\/em>lawyer<\/p>\n

el actor \/ la actriz<\/strong> \u2014 <\/em>actor \/ actress<\/p>\n

el administrador \/ la administradora \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>administrator<\/p>\n

el agricultor \/ la agricultora \u2014 <\/em>farmer<\/p>\n

The feminine agricultora <\/em>is seldom used.<\/p>\n

el alba\u00f1il \/ la alba\u00f1ila \u2014 <\/em>builder, bricklayer, mason<\/p>\n

Although the “Diccionario de la lengua espa\u00f1ola”<\/a><\/em>\u00a0(“Dictionary of the Spanish Language”) accepts the feminine alba\u00f1ila,<\/em> this term is very seldom used. People prefer la alba\u00f1il <\/em><\/strong>or la mujer alba\u00f1il<\/strong>. <\/em>However, you can see this term often when referring to bees: abeja alba\u00f1ila<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>(mason bee).<\/p>\n

el arquitecto \/ la arquitecta \u2014 <\/em>architect<\/p>\n

el artista \/ la artista \u2014 <\/em>artist<\/p>\n

Remember the ending -ista<\/em> makes the name of the profession invariable. The only thing that changes is the article.<\/p>\n

el astronauta \/ la astronauta \u2014 <\/em>astronaut<\/p>\n

This is a perfect example of an occupation ending in -a<\/em> in the masculine, which makes it invariable.<\/p>\n

la azafata \/ el azafato \u2014 <\/em>flight attendant<\/p>\n

You may have noted that I’ve written the feminine term first, and this isn’t random. The word azafata,\u00a0<\/em>when used to refer to female flight attendants, exists only entirely in its feminine form, possibly due to the fact that male flight attendants have only started to commonly exist in the past couple of decades.<\/p>\n

Much has been said about\u00a0the terms azafata <\/em>and azafato<\/em><\/a>,<\/em> and people in this profession tend to not like being called that, so the trend now is to call them el auxiliar de vuelo<\/em> \/ la auxiliar de vuelo <\/em><\/strong>(flight attendant).<\/p>\n

el barbero \/ la barbera \u2014 <\/em>barber<\/p>\n

Even though the term barbera <\/em>exists, this profession is almost exclusively a male domain. Women are normally referred to as peluqueras<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>(hairdressers).<\/p>\n

el bombero \/ la bombera \u2014 <\/em>firefighter<\/p>\n

This is an example of an occupation that has a feminine noun that is almost never used. We normally say la bombero <\/em><\/strong>or la mujer bombero <\/em><\/strong>(firewoman).<\/p>\n

el botones \/ la botones \u2014 <\/em>bellboy \/ bellgirl<\/p>\n

The Spanish word botones <\/em>means “buttons” in English. Despite being a plural noun, it’s used in the singular to refer to the occupation.<\/p>\n

el cajero \/ la cajera \u2014 <\/em>cashier<\/p>\n

el camarero \/ la camarera \u2014 <\/em>waiter \/ waitress<\/p>\n

el camionero \/ la camionera \u2014<\/em> truck driver<\/p>\n

el cantante \/ la cantante \u2014 <\/em>singer<\/p>\n

Here’s a job ending in -ante,<\/em> thus invariable.<\/p>\n

el carnicero \/ la carnicera \u2014 <\/em>butcher<\/p>\n

el carpintero \/ la carpintera \u2014 <\/em>carpenter<\/p>\n

el cartero \/ la cartera \u2014 <\/em>postman \/ postwoman<\/p>\n

The word cartera <\/em>also means “wallet” when not referring to the occupation.<\/p>\n

el cient\u00edfico \/ la cient\u00edfica \u2014 <\/em>scientist<\/p>\n

Even though the feminine cient\u00edfica <\/em>exists, we normally say la cient\u00edfico <\/em><\/strong>or la mujer cient\u00edfico<\/em><\/strong>,<\/em> using the word cient\u00edfica <\/em>(scientific, feminine)\u00a0as an adjective.<\/p>\n

el cirujano \/ la cirujana \u2014 <\/em>surgeon<\/p>\n

el cocinero \/ la cocinera \u2014 <\/em>cook<\/p>\n

el conductor \/ la conductora \u2014 <\/em>driver<\/p>\n

This is an example of a false friend. The English word “conductor” is translated as director\/a de orquesta<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>in Spanish.<\/p>\n

el consejero \/ la consejera \u2014 <\/em>counselor, advisor<\/p>\n

el contable \/ la contable \u2014 <\/em>accountant<\/p>\n

The ending -e <\/em>makes the noun invariable.<\/p>\n

el dentista \/ la dentista \u2014 <\/em>dentist<\/p>\n

The ending -a <\/em>makes the noun invariable.<\/p>\n

el dependiente \/ la dependienta \u2014 <\/em>salesboy \/ salesgirl<\/p>\n

Remember, this is one of the exceptions for words ending in -e <\/em>with two different forms.<\/p>\n

el dise\u00f1ador \/ la dise\u00f1adora \u2014 <\/em>designer<\/p>\n

el director \/ la directora \u2014 <\/em>director, principal<\/p>\n

el electricista \/ la electricista \u2014 <\/em>electrician<\/p>\n

Just as with artista,<\/em> the ending -ista <\/em>makes this term invariable.<\/p>\n

el empleado \/ la empleada \u2014 <\/em>employee<\/p>\n

el encargado \/ la encargada \u2014 <\/em>supervisor, manager<\/p>\n

el enfermero \/ la enfermera \u2014 <\/em>nurse<\/p>\n

el escritor \/ la escritora \u2014 <\/em>writer<\/p>\n

el estudiante \/ la estudiante \u2014 <\/em>student<\/p>\n

The ending -ante <\/em>makes the term invariable.<\/p>\n

el farmac\u00e9utico <\/em>\/ la farmac\u00e9utica \u2014 <\/em>pharmacist, druggist<\/p>\n

el fontanero <\/em>\/ la fontanera \u2014 <\/em>plumber<\/p>\n

el gerente \/ la gerente \u2014 <\/em>manager\u00a0<\/p>\n

Example: Necesito hablar con el gerente.<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>(I need to talk to the manager.)<\/p>\n

el granjero \/ la granjera \u2014 <\/em>farmer<\/p>\n

el herrero \/ la herrera \u2014 <\/em>blacksmith<\/p>\n

el ingeniero \/ la ingeniera \u2014 <\/em>engineer<\/p>\n

The term ingeniera <\/em>is more and more commonly used, although a lot of people still incorrectly say la ingeniero<\/a>.<\/em><\/p>\n

el jardinero \/ la jardinera \u2014 <\/em>gardener<\/p>\n

el jefe \/ la jefa \u2014 <\/em>boss<\/p>\n

Here’s another example of a word ending in -e <\/em>that has two different forms.<\/p>\n

el joyero \/ la joyera \u2014 <\/em>jeweler<\/p>\n

el juez \/ la jueza \u2014 <\/em>judge<\/p>\n

el lechero \/ la lechera \u2014 <\/em>milkman \/ milkwoman<\/p>\n

I miss this. Do you still have milkmen and milkwomen where you live?<\/p>\n

el librero \/ la librera \u2014 <\/em>bookseller<\/p>\n

el maestro \/ la maestra \u2014 <\/em>teacher<\/p>\n

el marinero \/ la marinera \u2014 <\/em>sailor, seaman \/ seawoman<\/p>\n

el mec\u00e1nico \/ la mec\u00e1nica \u2014 <\/em>mechanic<\/p>\n

el m\u00e9dico \/ la m\u00e9dica \u2014 <\/em>doctor<\/p>\n

el mesero \/ la mesera \u2014 <\/em>waiter \/ waitress<\/p>\n

el minero \/ la minera \u2014 <\/em>miner<\/p>\n

el modelo \/ la modelo \u2014 <\/em>model<\/p>\n

This is an example of a word that ends in -o <\/em>but is invariable.<\/p>\n

el monitor \/ la monitora \u2014 <\/em>monitor, teacher<\/p>\n

el ni\u00f1ero \/ la ni\u00f1era<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>babysitter<\/p>\n

While\u00a0I have personally never seen the masculine word ni\u00f1ero <\/em>in use,\u00a0it definitely exists<\/a>.<\/p>\n

el obrero \/ la obrera \u2014 <\/em>worker, laborer<\/p>\n

Here’s another example of an occupation you will commonly see when referring to bees: la abeja obrera<\/em>\u00a0<\/em>(the worker bee).<\/p>\n

el oficinista \/ la oficinista \u2014 <\/em>clerk, office worker<\/p>\n

The ending -ista <\/em>makes the term invariable.<\/p>\n

el panadero \/ la panadera \u2014 <\/em>baker<\/p>\n

el param\u00e9dico \/ la param\u00e9dica\u00a0<\/em>\u2014 paramedic<\/p>\n

el peluquero \/ la peluquera \u2014 <\/em>hairdresser<\/p>\n

el periodista \/ la periodista \u2014 <\/em>journalist, reporter<\/p>\n

Here’s yet another example of an occupation ending in -ista<\/em>, which makes the term invariable.<\/p>\n

el pescador \/ la pescadora \u2014 <\/em>fisherman \/ fisherwoman<\/p>\n

Don’t mistake this job for the very similar el pescadero<\/em> \/ la pescadera<\/em><\/strong>, which means “fishmonger.”<\/em><\/p>\n

el piloto \/ la piloto \u2014 <\/em>pilot<\/p>\n

Here’s another perfect example of a job ending in -o <\/em>that remains unchanged in the feminine.<\/p>\n

el pintor \/ la pintora \u2014 <\/em>painter<\/p>\n

el pol\u00edtico \/ la pol\u00edtica \u2014 <\/em>politician<\/p>\n

The term pol\u00edtica<\/em> tends to be avoided when referring to a female politician because la pol\u00edtica <\/em>also means “politics” and can be used as an adjective relating or related to politics. Instead, we normally call a female politician la pol\u00edtico<\/strong>.\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

el polic\u00eda \/ la polic\u00eda \u2014 <\/em>policeman \/ policewoman<\/p>\n

This is an example of a word ending in -a<\/em> in the masculine, which makes it invariable. As with el pol\u00edtico \/ la pol\u00edtica,<\/em> the feminine noun polic\u00eda <\/em>has another meaning (the police force in general). In this case, we still use la polic\u00eda <\/em>if it’s clear we’re referring to a female police officer. In cases of doubt, you can use la mujer polic\u00eda<\/em><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

el portero \/ la portera \u2014 <\/em>janitor, porter, goalkeeper<\/p>\n

This occupation is variable when it refers to the doorkeeper of a building. However, portero <\/em>can also mean “goalkeeper,”<\/em> and a lot of people tend to say el portero \/ la portero <\/em>in this context. According to the “Diccionario de la lengua espa\u00f1ola,”<\/em> though, this is incorrect<\/a>.<\/p>\n

el profesor \/ la profesora \u2014 <\/em>professor<\/p>\n

In some countries, this word is also used to mean “teacher.”<\/p>\n

el programador \/ la programadora \u2014 <\/em>programmer<\/p>\n

el psic\u00f3logo \/ la psic\u00f3loga \u2014 <\/em>psychologist<\/p>\n

The terms el sic\u00f3logo <\/em>and la sic\u00f3loga <\/em>are also correct, and have the same pronunciation as the words above.\u00a0<\/p>\n

el psiquiatra \/ la psiquiatra \u2014 <\/em>psychiatrist<\/p>\n

Here’s an example of a word ending in -a <\/em>in the masculine, which makes it invariable in the feminine. The terms el siquiatra<\/em> and la siquiatra<\/em>,<\/em> although less frequently used, are also valid.\u00a0<\/p>\n

el qu\u00edmico \/ la qu\u00edmica \u2014 <\/em>chemist<\/p>\n

Similar to\u00a0el pol\u00edtico <\/em>\/ la pol\u00edtica,<\/em> we tend to avoid referring to a female chemist as a qu\u00edmica <\/em>because of the fact that qu\u00edmica <\/em>also means “chemistry” in Spanish. It can also be used as an adjective meaning “chemical,”<\/em> as in una reacci\u00f3n qu\u00edmica <\/em>(a chemical reaction). Instead, you can use the terms la qu\u00edmico<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>or la mujer qu\u00edmico<\/em>\u00a0<\/em><\/strong>to refer to a female chemist.\u00a0<\/p>\n

el quiropr\u00e1ctico \/ la quiropr\u00e1ctica \u2014 <\/em>chiropractor<\/p>\n

This profession falls into the same situation as el pol\u00edtico \/ la pol\u00edtica <\/em>and el qu\u00edmico \/ la qu\u00edmica.<\/em><\/p>\n

el recepcionista \/ la recepcionista \u2014 <\/em>receptionist<\/p>\n

Here’s a term ending in -ista<\/em>, thus invariable.<\/p>\n

el relojero \/ la relojera \u2014 <\/em>watchmaker<\/p>\n

el reportero \/ la reportera \u2014 <\/em>reporter<\/p>\n

el revisor \/ la revisora \u2014 <\/em>reviewer, inspector<\/p>\n

el sacerdote \/ la sacerdotisa \u2014 <\/em>priest \/ priestess<\/p>\n

Just like their English counterparts, this pair of words is irregular.<\/p>\n

el sastre \/ la sastre \u2014 <\/em>tailor<\/p>\n

Here’s a word ending in -e<\/em> in the masculine, which makes it invariable in the feminine.<\/p>\n

el secretario \/ la secretaria<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>secretary<\/p>\n

el soldado \/ la soldado \u2014 <\/em>soldier<\/p>\n

Here’s another example of a word ending in -o <\/em>that remains unchanged.<\/p>\n

el soldador \/ la soldadora \u2014 <\/em>welder<\/p>\n

el taxista \/ la taxista \u2014 <\/em>taxi driver<\/p>\n

Here’s a word ending in -ista<\/em>, thus invariable.<\/p>\n

el t\u00e9cnico \/ la t\u00e9cnica \u2014 <\/em>technician<\/p>\n

This word behaves like\u00a0el pol\u00edtico \/ la pol\u00edtica, el polic\u00eda \/ la polic\u00eda<\/em> and el qu\u00edmico \/ la qu\u00edmica.<\/em> La t\u00e9cnica <\/em>as a noun means “the technique” and as an adjective, “technical.”<\/p>\n

el trabajador \/ la trabajadora \u2014 <\/em>worker<\/p>\n

el traductor \/ la traductora \u2014 <\/em>translator<\/p>\n

el vendedor \/ la vendedora \u2014 <\/em>seller\u00a0<\/p>\n

el veterinario \/ la veterinaria \u2014 <\/em>vet<\/p>\n

This word behaves like\u00a0el pol\u00edtico \/ la pol\u00edtica, el polic\u00eda \/ la polic\u00eda, el qu\u00edmico \/ la qu\u00edmica<\/em> and el t\u00e9cnico \/ la t\u00e9cnica.<\/em> As a noun, veterinaria<\/em> means “veterinarian” and as an adjective, “veterinary.”<\/p>\n

el zapatero \/ la zapatera \u2014 <\/em>shoemaker<\/p>\n

Grammar Guide to Professions in Spanish<\/h2>\n

Generally speaking, the vast majority of Spanish occupation names have a masculine form ending in -o <\/em>and a feminine one ending in -a<\/em>:<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

el arquitecto \/ la arquitecta <\/em>(the architect, male \/ the architect, female)<\/p>\n

el panadero \/ la panadera <\/em>(the baker, male \/ the baker, female)<\/p>\n

el maestro \/ la maestra <\/em>(the teacher, male \/ the teacher, female)<\/p>\n

However, this isn’t always the case.<\/p>\n

There’s a fairly big group of masculine occupations ending in a consonant, which tends to be -r <\/em>or -n<\/em>. In these cases, we don’t have an -o <\/em>that we can substitute with an -a,<\/em> so we simply add the latter to the word:<\/strong><\/p>\n

el profesor \/ la profesora <\/em>(the professor, male \/ the professor, female)<\/p>\n

el escritor \/ la escritora <\/em>(the writer, male \/ the writer, female)<\/p>\n

el capit\u00e1n \/ la capitana <\/em>(the captain, male \/ the captain, female)<\/p>\n

Sometimes, we have occupations that don’t distinguish between the masculine and the feminine.<\/strong> The only way to tell if you’re referring to a man or a woman is by having a look at the article<\/a>, the name of the person or the context.<\/p>\n

There isn’t a defined list of endings that behave like this, but if an occupation ends in -ista, -ante, -e<\/em> <\/strong>or –<\/em>a<\/em><\/strong> in its masculine form, you can be almost sure the feminine will look exactly the same:<\/p>\n

el artista \/ la artista <\/em>(the artist, male \/ the artist, female)<\/p>\n

el estudiante \/ la estudiante <\/em>(the student, male \/ the student, female)<\/p>\n

el contable \/ la contable <\/em>(the accountant, male \/ the accountant, female)<\/p>\n

el psiquiatra \/ la psiquiatra <\/em>(the psychiatrist, male \/ the psychiatrist, female)<\/p>\n

Of course, Spanish would not be itself if it didn’t include some exceptions to this rule.<\/strong> The most common ones are:<\/p>\n

el dependiente \/ la dependienta <\/em>(the salesman \/ the saleswoman)<\/p>\n

el alcalde \/ la alcaldesa <\/em>(the mayor, male \/ the mayor, female)<\/p>\n

el duque \/ la duquesa <\/em>(the duke \/ the duchess)<\/p>\n

And, we can’t forget about the word piloto <\/em>(pilot), which despite ending in -0<\/em>, remains unchanged:<\/p>\n

el piloto \/ la piloto <\/em>(the pilot, male \/ the pilot, female)<\/p>\n

Finally, there’s a very small group of occupations that have an irregular feminine form.<\/strong> Three of the most common ones are:<\/p>\n

el actor \/ la actriz <\/em>(the actor \/ the actress)<\/p>\n

el emperador \/ la emperatriz <\/em>(the emperor \/ the empress)<\/p>\n

el rey \/ la reina <\/em>(the king \/ the queen)<\/p>\n

We can even treat alcalde <\/em>and duque <\/em>above as irregular, but since they end in -e,<\/em> I’ve included them in the previous group of exceptions.<\/p>\n

So, now that you know all about the grammar behind Spanish occupations, let’s learn the names of the professions in Spanish. The following list is by no means a comprehensive one, but it includes the most common occupations one might have nowadays.<\/p>\n

Common Phrases for Talking About Your Job in Spanish<\/h2>\n

Chances are that sooner or later you’ll have to talk about your job in Spanish, be it with your Spanish friends, your future employer or maybe with people you meet during your travels.<\/p>\n

There are many different ways to talk about occupations in Spanish, but there are also a couple of expressions and constructions that tend to appear more often than others. Here, you have some of them.<\/p>\n

First, some questions about work:<\/p>\n

\u00bfEn qu\u00e9 trabajas?<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>What do you do?<\/p>\n

\u00bfA qu\u00e9 te dedicas?<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>What do you do?<\/p>\n

\u00bfC\u00f3mo es tu trabajo?<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>What is your job like?<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 tal va tu trabajo? \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>How is your job going?<\/p>\n

\u00bfTe gusta tu trabajo?<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>Do you like your job?<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es lo que m\u00e1s te gusta de tu trabajo? \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>What do you like the most about your job?<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es lo que menos te gusta de tu trabajo? \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>What do you like the least about your job?<\/p>\n

\u00bfCu\u00e1l es tu horario de trabajo? \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>What are your working hours?<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 te gustar\u00eda ser de mayor?<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>What would you like to be when you grow up?<\/p>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 te gustar\u00eda hacer en… a\u00f1os? \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>What would you like to be doing in… years’ time?<\/p>\n

Here are some possible answers and ways of talking about your job:<\/p>\n

Soy…, \u00bfy t\u00fa? \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I am a…, and you? (informal)<\/p>\n

Soy…, \u00bfy usted? \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I am a…, and you? (formal)<\/p>\n

Me dedico a… \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I work in…<\/p>\n

Trabajo en… \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I work in…<\/p>\n

Trabajo de… \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I work as a… (normally used when talking about temporary jobs)<\/p>\n

Estoy de… en… \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I am a… in…<\/p>\n

Trabajo de… a… \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I work from… to…<\/p>\n

Siempre quise \/ he querido ser… \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I have always wanted to be a…<\/p>\n

Me gusta mi trabajo. \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I like my job.<\/p>\n

Me gusta mucho mi trabajo. \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I like my job a lot.<\/p>\n

No me gusta mi trabajo. \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I do not like my job.<\/p>\n

No me gusta nada mi trabajo.<\/em> \u2014 <\/em>I do not like my job at all.<\/p>\n

Me gustar\u00eda ser… cuando sea mayor \/ cuando sea grande. \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I would like to be a… when I grow up.<\/p>\n

Quiero ser… \u2014 <\/em><\/strong>I want to be a…<\/p>\n

Here, you have an example of a person talking about their job:<\/p>\n

Hola, me llamo Mar\u00eda. Soy enfermera. Trabajo en un hospital de lunes a viernes de 7 de la ma\u00f1ana a 3 de la tarde. Me gusta mucho mi trabajo. Desde que era ni\u00f1a siempre quise ser enfermera.<\/em><\/p>\n

(Hi, my name is Mar\u00eda. I am a nurse. I work in a hospital from Monday to Friday, from 7 a.m. to 3 p.m. Ever since I was a child, I wanted to be a nurse.)<\/p>\n

Of course there will likely be more you want to say about your job or ask others about theirs. These are just some helpful basics that will allow you to learn more about the Spanish speakers you meet and answer simple questions they might ask about what you do.\u00a0<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Now you have all the necessary tools to talk about your job properly in Spanish. You’ve learned the secrets behind the regularities and irregularities of Spanish occupations, and you can now ask about other people’s jobs without breaking a sweat. To cement this information in your mind, you can use a program like FluentU<\/a>, which shows you Spanish in use in subtitled videos.

FluentU<\/strong> takes authentic videos\u2014like music videos, movie trailers, news and inspiring talks\u2014and turns them into personalized language learning lessons.<\/p>\r\n

You can try FluentU for free for 2 weeks. Check out the website or download the iOS app<\/a> or Android app.<\/a><\/p>\r\n

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